Gabaɗaya, jikin ɗan adam zai iya jin ƙimar halin yanzu na haɓakawa shine kusan 1 mA.Lokacin da jikin ɗan adam ya wuce 5 ~ 20mA, tsokoki za su yi ƙugiya kuma su yi rawar jiki, ta yadda ba za a iya raba mutum da waya ba.Samfurin girgiza wutar lantarki na halin yanzu da lokacin da yawancin ƙasashe ke ba da izini shine 30mA*S juriya jikin ɗan adam Yawancin lokaci 1500 ohms ~ 300000 ohms, ƙimar dabi'a shine 1000 ohms ~ 5000 ohms, ƙimar shawarar shine 1500 ohms
Ana iya samun ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki mai aminci daga amsawar jikin ɗan adam zuwa halin yanzu da juriya na jikin ɗan adam: ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki mai aminci a cikin ƙasarmu gabaɗaya 12 ~ 50V
Jurewa wutar lantarki, yoyo halin yanzu da amincin matatar wutar EMI:
Matsi da aminci
1. Idan Cx capacitor a cikin tacewa ya lalace, yana daidai da gajeriyar kewayawa na grid AC, aƙalla haifar da kayan aiki su daina aiki;idan Cy capacitor ya lalace,
Ya yi daidai da ƙara ƙarfin wutar lantarki na grid na AC zuwa cakuɗen kayan aiki, wanda kai tsaye yana barazana ga lafiyar mutum kuma yana rinjayar duk kayan aiki tare da kwandon ƙarfe a matsayin ƙasa mai tunani.
Amintaccen kewayawa ko kayan aiki, galibi yana haifar da kona wasu da'irori ko kayan aiki.
2. Wasu ƙa'idodin aminci masu jure matsi na ƙasa da ƙasa sune kamar haka:
Jamus VDE0565.2 Gwajin Babban Wutar Lantarki (AC) P, N zuwa E 1.5kV/50Hz 1 min
Switzerland SEV1055 Gwajin Babban Wutar Lantarki (AC) P, N zuwa E 2*Un+1.5kV/50Hz 1 min
US UL1283 Babban Gwajin Wutar Lantarki (AC) P, N zuwa E 1.0kV/60Hz 1 min
Jamus VDE0565.2 Gwajin Babban Wutar Lantarki (DC) P zuwa N 4.3*Un 1 min
Switzerland SEV1055 Babban Gwajin Wutar Lantarki (DC) P zuwa N 4.3*Un 1 min
US UL1283 High Voltage Test (DC) P zuwa N 1.414kV minti 1
kwatanta:
(1) Dalilin amfani da wutar lantarki na DC a cikin gwajin jurewar wutar lantarki na PN shine ƙarfin Cx yana da girma.Idan an yi amfani da gwajin AC, ƙarfin halin yanzu da ake buƙata ta mai gwajin juriya
Yana da girma sosai, yana haifar da babban girma da farashi mai yawa;wannan matsalar ba ta wanzu lokacin da ake amfani da DC.Amma don juyar da wutar lantarki mai aiki AC zuwa daidaitaccen ƙarfin aiki na DC
Misali, matsakaicin ƙarfin aiki na AC shine 250V (AC) = 250 * 2 * 1.414 = 707V (DC), don haka ƙayyadaddun aminci na UL1283 shine
1414V(DC)=707*2.
(2) Jure yanayin gwajin wutar lantarki a cikin jagorar mashahurin masana'antar ƙwararrun matatar tacewa:
Corcom Corporation (Amurka) P, N zuwa E: 2250V(DC) na minti daya P zuwa N: 1450V(DC) na minti daya
Schaffner (Switzerland) P, N zuwa E: 2000V(DC) na minti daya P zuwa N: Sai dai
Masana'antun ƙwararrun matatun gida gabaɗaya suna nufin ƙa'idodin aminci na VDE na Jamus ko ƙa'idodin aminci na UL na Amurka
Leakage halin yanzu da aminci
Yanayin gama gari na Cy na kowane da'irar tacewa yana da ƙarshen ƙarewa ɗaya a cikin akwati na ƙarfe.Daga ra'ayi na ƙarfin lantarki rabo, karfe casing na tace yana da
1/2 na ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙima, don haka daga ra'ayi na aminci, ƙayyadadden halin yanzu (leakage halin yanzu) daga tacewa zuwa ƙasa ta hanyar Cy ya kamata ya zama ƙarami kamar yadda zai yiwu.
zai jefa lafiyar mutum cikin haɗari.
Dokokin aminci don yaɗuwar yanzu a wasu manyan ƙasashen masana'antu a duniya sune kamar haka:
Lura: 1. Yayyo halin yanzu yana daidai da ƙarfin wutar lantarki da grid.Yayyo halin yanzu na grid 400Hz shine sau 8 na grid na 50Hz (watau
Matatun da suka dace da ƙa'idodin aminci a cikin grid ɗin wutar lantarki maiyuwa ba lallai ba ne su cika ka'idojin aminci a manyan grid ɗin wutar lantarki)
2. Lokacin duba ɗigogi na halin yanzu na tacewa, dole ne a yi amfani da da'irar ma'aunin da ta dace da ƙa'idodin ƙasashen duniya (kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa).Lokacin aunawa, akwatin ƙarfe ba zai iya ba
A ƙasa, dole ne a dakatar da shi.
Toshe zane na da'irar gwajin tacewa na yanzu:
Aikace-aikace
1: Kayan aikin gida - jure wa gwajin wutar lantarki na firiji:
Gwada ƙarfin juriya tsakanin sashin wutar lantarki da ƙasa.Yanayin gwaji: AC1500V, 60s.Sakamakon gwaji: babu raguwa da walƙiya.Kariyar tsaro: Mai aiki yana sa safofin hannu masu rufewa, benci na aiki yana ɗora shi tare da pads masu rufewa, kuma kayan aikin yana ƙasa da kyau.Ingancin mai gudanarwa: gudanar da horo kafin aiki, ƙware a kayan aiki, kuma yana iya ganowa da magance gazawar kayan aiki.
Kayan aiki na zaɓi:Bayani na RK2670/71/72/74, RK7100/RK9910/20 mai sarrafa shirin.
Dalilin gwaji
Sanya wutar lantarki ta kayan aikin ta zama ƙasa mai dogaro, kuma gwada jure yanayin ƙarfin samfurin.
Tsarin gwaji
1.Haɗa babban ƙarfin lantarki na kayan aiki zuwa tashar shigar da wutar lantarki na firiji (An haɗa LN tare) zuwa ɓangaren wutar lantarki.An haɗa tashar ƙasa (dawowa) na kayan aiki zuwa tashar ƙasa na firiji.
2. Saitin ƙararrawa na halin yanzu an saita bisa ga ƙa'idar mai amfani.Saita lokaci zuwa 60s.
3. Fara kayan aiki, daidaita ƙarfin lantarki don nuna 1.5Kv, kuma karanta darajar yanzu.A lokacin aikin gwaji, kayan aikin ba shi da ƙararrawa mai yawa, wanda ke nuna cewa ƙarfin juriya ya wuce.Idan ƙararrawa ta faru, ana ɗaukar samfurin a matsayin wanda bai cancanta ba.
Matakan kariya
Bayan an gama gwajin, dole ne a kashe wutar kayan aikin kafin samfurin kuma za a iya ɗaukar layin gwajin don guje wa lahani da haɗarin aminci.
2.Leakage gwajin injin wanki na kayan aikin gida
Sharuɗɗan gwaji: Dangane da sau 1.06 na ƙarfin ƙarfin aiki, gwada ƙimar zubewar yanzu tsakanin wutar lantarki da ƙasa mai karewa na cibiyar sadarwar gwaji.Dalilin gwaji: Ko sassan ƙarfe da aka fallasa na murfi suna da magudanar ruwa mara aminci lokacin da na'urar lantarki da ke ƙarƙashin gwaji ke aiki.
Sakamakon gwaji: karanta darajar halin yanzu, ko ya wuce ƙimar aminci, kayan aikin zai yi ƙararrawa da sauti da haske.Bayanan Tsaro: Yayin gwajin, ana iya cajin kayan aiki da DUT, kuma an haramta shi sosai a taɓa shi da hannu don hana girgiza wutar lantarki da haɗarin aminci.
Samfuran zaɓi:Saukewa: RK2675, Farashin 9950jerin, bisa ga ƙarfin samfurin da aka gwada.Tsarin lokaci ɗaya zaɓi ne daga 500VA-5000VA, kuma mataki uku shine zaɓi.Saukewa: RK2675WT, wanda ke da ayyuka guda biyu na matakai uku da guda ɗaya.
Matakan Gwaji:
1: Ana amfani da kayan aiki, kuma wutar lantarki ta dogara da ƙasa.
2: Kunna wutar lantarki na kayan aiki, taga nunin kayan aiki zai haskaka.Danna maɓallin gwaji/saitaccen, zaɓi kewayon 2mA/20mA na yanzu, daidaita ma'aunin PRE-ADJ, sannan saita ƙararrawa halin yanzu.Sa'an nan kuma tashi da saiti/maɓallin gwaji don gwada yanayin.
3: Haɗa samfurin lantarki a ƙarƙashin gwaji tare da kayan aiki, fara kayan aiki, hasken gwajin yana kunne, daidaita madaidaicin wutar lantarki don sanya alamar wutar lantarki ta dace da buƙatun gwajin, kuma bayan karanta ƙimar halin yanzu, sake saita kayan aikin kuma daidaitawa. ƙarfin lantarki zuwa mafi ƙarancin.
Lura: Yayin gwajin, kar a taɓa harsashin kayan aiki da DUT.
Na uku: gwajin juriya na ƙasa
Yanayin gwaji: 25A na yanzu, juriya ƙasa da 100 milliohms.Gwada juriya tsakanin ƙasa na shigar da wutar lantarki da sassan ƙarfe da aka fallasa na shari'ar.
Kayan aiki na zaɓi:Saukewa: RK2678XM (na yanzu 30/32/70 ampere na zaɓi),Farashin 7305 na'ura mai sarrafa jerin shirye-shirye,Farashin 9930 jerin (na zaɓi 30/40/60 ampere na yanzu), jerin sarrafa shirye-shirye tare da fitowar siginar PLC, RS232, RS485 ayyukan sadarwa.
matakan gwaji
1: Toshe igiyar wutar lantarki na kayan aiki don tabbatar da cewa kayan aikin yana da ƙarfi.
2: Kunna wutar lantarki kuma saita babban iyaka na juriya na ƙararrawa.
3: Haɗa wayar gwajin zuwa tashar kayan aiki bisa ga launi da kauri (waya mai kauri yana da alaƙa da babban matsayi, kuma an haɗa waya ta bakin ciki zuwa ƙaramin gidan).
4: Ana haɗa shirye-shiryen gwajin bi da bi zuwa ƙasa na na'urar a ƙarƙashin gwaji (wayar ƙasa na ƙarshen shigarwar wutar lantarki) da ƙasa mai kariya na casing (ɓangarorin ƙarfe bare) don tabbatar da cewa an kunna wurin gwajin, in ba haka ba Ba za a iya daidaita gwajin halin yanzu ba.
5: Fara kayan aiki (danna START don farawa), hasken gwajin kayan aiki yana kunne, daidaita halin yanzu (jerin sarrafa shirye-shiryen yana buƙatar saita farko) zuwa ƙimar da ake buƙata don gwajin, kuma karanta ƙimar juriya.
6: Idan gwajin ya kasa, na'urar za ta sami ƙararrawa mai ƙararrawa (sauti da haske), kuma tsarin sarrafa shirye-shiryen sakamakon gwajin zai sami PASS, FAIL fitilun fitilun da sauti da ƙararrawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-19-2022
