Igisubizo: Iki nikibazo abakora ibicuruzwa benshi bashaka kubaza, kandi byukuri igisubizo rusange ari "kubera ko ibipimo byumutekano ubiteganya." Niba ushobora kumva cyane amateka yamakuru yumutekano wamashanyarazi, uzabona inshingano ziyiruka inyuma. hamwe nubusobanuro. Nubwo ibizamini byumutekano byamashanyarazi bifata umwanya muto kumurongo, biragufasha kugabanya ibyago byo gutunganya ibicuruzwa kubera ibyago byamashanyarazi. Kubona neza ubwambere nuburyo bwiza bwo kugabanya ibiciro no gukomeza kuba byiza.
A：The electrical damage test is mainly divided into the following four types: Dielectric Withstand / Hipot Test: The withstand voltage test applies a high voltage to the power and ground circuits of the product and measures its breakdown state. Ikizamini cyo Kwigunga Kwigunga: Gupima amashanyarazi imiterere yibicuruzwa. Ikizamini kiriho: Menya niba ikibuga cya AC / DC ingufu zitanga ubutaka zirenze ibipimo. Gurinda Ubutaka: Tegereza niba imiterere yicyuma ihageranye.
Igisubizo: Kubwumutekano wibizamini mubakora cyangwa laboratoire zigerageza, byakorwaga mu Burayi imyaka myinshi. Niba abakora hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoronike, ibicuruzwa byikoranabuhanga ryamakuru, ibikoresho byikoranabuhanga, byaba ibikoresho bitandukanye harimo ibice byumutekano hari ibice byumutekano hari ibice byumutekano (abakozi Aho uherereye, ahantu hamwe, Ubuhorikori bugezweho, Ibikoresho biranga (byanze bikunze "akaga" cyangwa ibintu birimo ibizamini byakazi.
Igisubizo: Guhangana na voltage Ikizamini cya Voltage cyangwa Ikizamini kinini cya Voltage (Ikizamini cya Hipot) ni amanota 100% akoreshwa mu rwego rwo kugenzura ubuziranenge n'ibisabwa by'amashanyarazi (nk'intumwa, IEC, Tuv, ETC Ibigo byumutekano) ni nanone kandi bizwi cyane kandi bikunze gukora umurongo wumutekano wumutekano. Ikizamini cya HOPOT nikizamini cyangiza kugirango umenye ko ibikoresho byo kwigarurira amashanyarazi bihagije, kandi nikizamini cya voltage kinini gikoreshwa mubikoresho byose kugirango tumenye ko ibikoresho byo kwiziganga bihagije. Izindi mpamvu zo gukora ibizamini bya HOPOT nuko ishobora kumenya inenge zishobora guterwa nkimbunda idahagije hamwe nogurwa biterwa mugihe cyo gukora.
Igisubizo: Mubisanzwe, umusungaburo wa voltage muri sisitemu yubutegetsi ni umuraba. Mugihe cyo gukora sisitemu yububasha, kubera inkuba, imikorere, amakosa cyangwa ibipimo bidakwiye bihuye nibikoresho bimwe byamashanyarazi, bikarenga cyane voltage yacyo, bikabije. Birenze urugero birashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri ukurikije ibitera. Imwe niyoronerwa kurengana ninkuba itaziguye cyangwa induction yonyine, yitwa hanze yinyongera. Ubunini bwumurabyo buturukaho ubungubu kandi impulse ni kinini, kandi igihe ni kigufi cyane, cyangiza cyane. Ariko, kubera ko imirongo yo hejuru ya 3-10kv kandi hepfo mumijyi hamwe nimishinga rusange yinganda zikingiwe namahugurwa cyangwa inyubako ndende, birashoboka cyane. Byongeye kandi, ibyaganiriwe hano ni ibikoresho byamashanyarazi murugo, bitari murwego rwavuzwe haruguru, kandi ntizaganirwaho. Ubundi bwoko buterwa no guhindura ingufu cyangwa ibipimo bihinduka muri sisitemu yubutegetsi, nko guhuza umurongo, gukata umutwaro wa transformer, hamwe na arc imwe muri sisitemu, yita imbere. Kwiyongera kwimbere nishingiro ryingenzi byo kumenya urwego rusanzwe rwo kwigarurira amashanyarazi muburyo butandukanye muri sisitemu yubutegetsi. Nukuvuga, igishushanyo mbonera cyibicuruzwa ntigikwiye gutekereza gusa voltage yagenzuwe gusa ahubwo ni nanone byimazeyo ibicuruzwa bikoresha ibidukikije. Ikizamini cya voltage ni ugumenya niba imiterere yububiko bwibicuruzwa bishobora kwihanganira ibyingenzi byimbere bya sisitemu yubutegetsi.
Igisubizo: Mubisanzwe ac irwanya ikizamini cya voltage iremerewe ninzego zumutekano kurenza DC ihanganye n'ikizamini cya voltage. Impamvu nyamukuru nuko ibintu byinshi mubizamini bizakora munsi ya ac voltage ya ac, kandi ac ibona ikizamini cya volularit itanga ibisobanuro birambuye ibicuruzwa bizahura nibicuruzwa bizahura nabyo. Kubera ko ikizamini cya AC kidashinja umutwaro wa AC, gusoma ubu birakomeje kuba bimwe kuva mu ntangiriro ya voltage kurangiza ikizamini. Kubwibyo, nta mpamvu yo gukusanya votage kubera ko nta kibazo gishoboka cyo gukurikirana ibyasomwe. Ibi bivuze ko keretse ibicuruzwa bimaze kwipimisha Voltage bitunguranye, umukoresha arashobora guhita akoresha voltage yuzuye hanyuma ugasoma ikiriho nta gutegereza. Kuva Voltage ya AC ntabwo yishyuza umutwaro, nta mpamvu yo gusohora igikoresho kirimo ikizamini nyuma yikizamini.
Igisubizo: Iyo ugerageza ubushobozi bufite ubushobozi, ikigezweho cyose kigizwe nimigezi yo kwitomeka kandi ikatemba. Iyo ingano yuburyo bugenda neza kuruta ibinyomono byukuri, birashobora kugorana kumenya ibicuruzwa hamwe nububiko bukabije. Iyo ugerageza imbaraga nyinshi, ibisabwa byose birasabwa cyane kuruta umurongo wubu. Ibi birashobora kuba ibyago byinshi nkuko umukoresha agaragara kumuryango munini
Rk71 urukurikirane rwa porogaramu ikurikirana voltage tester
Igisubizo: Iyo igikoresho kirimo ikizamini (DUC) kiregwa byuzuye, gusa kumeneka gusa. Ibi bifasha DC Ikizamini cya DC kugirango werekane neza kumeneka neza yibicuruzwa biri mubizamini. Kubera ko ikipe ishinjaga, ibisabwa imbaraga bya DC hunganya testers voltage birashobora kuba munsi yiyahuye na ac ihanganye nigikoresho cya voltage cyakoreshwaga kugirango ugerageze ibicuruzwa bimwe.
Igisubizo: Kubera ko DC ihanganye n'ikizamini cya voltage ikora ubutunzi bushinzwe gutya ibangamiranya amashanyarazi yo gukemura abahatanira gukurikiranira mu Buhonyi nyuma y'ikizamini cya Voltage, Ububiko. Ikizamini cya DC gishinja ubushobozi. Niba Ubuhoni bukoresha imbaraga za AC, uburyo bwa DC ntabwo bigana uko ibintu bimeze.
Igisubizo: Hano hari ubwoko bubiri bwo gupima voltage: ac ihanganye na voltage ikizamini cya voltage na dc ihanganye n'ikizamini cya voltage. Bitewe nibiranga ibikoresho byo kwirinda, uburyo bwo gusenyuka bwa ac na dc voltage biratandukanye. Ibikoresho byinshi na sisitemu birimo ibitangazamakuru bitandukanye. Iyo voltage yikizamini cya AC ikoreshwa, voltage izatangwamo ukurikije ibipimo nkibisanzwe nkimirire ihoraho kandi binyuranye nibikoresho. Mugihe dc voltage ikwirakwiza votage ukurikije ihohoterwa ryibikoresho. Kandi mubyukuri, gusenyuka kw'imiterere yo kwitanga akenshi biterwa no gusenyuka kw'amashanyarazi, gusenyuka kw'amashanyarazi, gusohora n'ubundi buryo icyarimwe, kandi biragoye kubitandukanya rwose. Na AC Voltage AC yongera amahirwe yo gusenyuka hejuru ya voltage ya DC. Kubwibyo, twizera ko AC ihanganye n'ikizamini cya Voltage ikomeye kuruta dc ihanganye n'ikizamini cya voltage. Mubikorwa nyabyo, mugihe ukora ikizamini cya voltage voltage, niba DC ikoreshwa mubizamini bya voltage, voltage yikizamini irasabwa kuba hejuru yububiko bwikizamini. Ikirangantego cya DC Jenerali DC ikurikirana ikizamini cya Voltage iragwira na buri gihoraho k kubiciro byiza bya voltage ya AC. Binyuze mu bigeragezo bigereranya, dufite ibisubizo bikurikira: kubicuruzwa n'ibibi bya insinga, buri gihe k ni 3; Kunganda zindege, buri gihe k ni 1.6 kugeza 1.7; CSA muri rusange ikoresha 1.414 kubicuruzwa byasivili.
Igisubizo: Ikirangantego cyo kwipimisha kigena ikizamini cya voltage Voltage giterwa nisoko ibicuruzwa byawe bizashyirwa muri isoko ibicuruzwa byawe bizashyirwa muri, kandi ugomba kubahiriza amahame yumutekano cyangwa amabwiriza agenga ibikorwa byigihugu. Ikizamini cya voltage nikihe gihe cyibizamini byikizamini cya voltage byasobanuwe murwego rwumutekano. Ibintu byiza nugusaba umukiriya wawe kuguha ibisabwa byikizamini. Indogobe yikizamini ya Jenerali ihanganye nikizamini cya voltage ni ibi bikurikira: Niba voltage ikora iri hagati ya 42v na 1000V, voltage yikizamini ni kabiri voltage yakazi wongeyeho 1000V. Iki kizamini voltage ikoreshwa kumunota 1. Kurugero, kubicuruzwa bikora kuri 230v, voltage yikizamini ni 1460v. Niba igihe cyo gusaba Voltage kigufi, voltage yikizamini igomba kwiyongera. Kurugero, imirongo yumurongo wibizamini muri UL 935:
| imiterere | Igihe cyo gusaba (amasegonda) | Gukoresha voltage |
| A | 60 | 1000V + (2 x v) |
| B | 1 | 1200v + (2.4 x v) |
| V = voltage ntarengwa | ||
Igisubizo: Ubushobozi bwa tepot ya hit yerekeza kubisohoka. Ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ibikoresho bya Voltage bigenwa nigisubizo ntarengwa cya X ntarengwa yo gusohoka voltage. Urugero: 5000vx100MA = 500va
Igisubizo: Uburyo bwo kwita ku kintu cyageragejwe nimpamvu nyamukuru yo gutandukanya indangagaciro za AC na DC bahanganye n'ibizamini bya voltage. Izi ubushobozi bwayongereye ntizishobora kwishyurwa neza mugihe ugerageza na ac, kandi hazabaho ubu bukomeza bunyura muriyi ubushobozi bwayongereye. Hamwe n'ikizamini cya DC, igihe ubushobozi bwayongereye ku yaho buringaniye bushinzwe, ibisigazwa ni ukuvuga kuri ubu buhoni. Kubwibyo, agaciro karenze kapimwa na AC Guhangana na AC Guhangana Ikizamini cya Voltage na DC hangane nikizamini cya voltage kizaba gifite.
Igisubizo: Abanyeshuri badayobora, ariko mubyukuri ibintu byo kwibeshya ntibishoboka rwose. Kubintu byose bifatika, mugihe voltage ikoreshwa muriyo, ubu hari ubu bizagenda. Ibi bigize iyi ngingo byitwa kumeneka, kandi iki kintu cyitwa no kumeneka kwisuku. Kubigeragezo byamashanyarazi, ubudomo buvuga kurubu rwakozwe nubuso bubi cyangwa bushingiye kumiterere yicyuma hamwe nibice bishingiye ku gitsina hamwe nibice bifatika mugihe cya Voltage ikoreshwa nabi. ni ukuvuga. Dukurikije ibipimo bya Amerika, ubungubu ni iki gihe gishobora gukorwa mu bice bigerwaho by'ibikoresho byo murugo, birimo imigezi ihuje n'umutungo. Ikibanza kirimo ibice bibiri, igice kimwe nicyo gikora kiriho kiriho binyuze mu kurwanya intangarugero; Ikindi gice nigikorwa cyo kwimura I2 ukoresheje ubushobozi bwatanzwe, umufasha wa nyuma ni XC = 1 / 2pfc kandi ni ubushobozi bwoguha amashanyarazi, hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwagabanywa bwiyongera hamwe nimikorere. Kwiyongera, ubungubu kuri intete yiyongera hamwe ninshuro yamashanyarazi. Kurugero: ukoresheje ohysistor kumashanyarazi, ibice byayo bihuza byongera interineti.
Igisubizo: Ikizamini cya Voltage Voltage nukumenya umurongo utemba unyuze kuri sisitemu yo kwigana ikintu kirimo ikizamini, kandi ushyiremo voltage hejuru ya sisitemu yo kwishyuza; Mugihe imbaraga zometseho ububasha (Twandikire Ubu) ni ukumenya umurongo wibintu byikintu kirimo ikizamini gisanzwe. Gupima umurongo wibintu byapimwe munsi yikintu kidashoboka cyane (voltage, inshuro). Muri make, umurongo ureba ikizamini cya voltage ni ukuvuga ku isonga ryapimwe munsi yububasha bwakazi, hamwe nubutaka bugezweho (hashyizweho umurongo upimye mubikorwa bisanzwe.
Igisubizo: Kubicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki byinzego zitandukanye, gupima gukoraho nabyo bifite ibisabwa bitandukanye, ariko muri rusange birashobora kugabanywamo ubutaka bwubuntu, hejuru-hasi itumanaho ubuso no hejuru -Umurongo-umurongo wo gukoraho ubutaka butunganijwe hejuru kugeza hejuru yipimisha ibizamini byubu
Igisubizo: Ibice byicyuma bigera ku bicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki byitsinda I ibikoresho bigomba kuba bigira umuzenguruko mwiza nkuburinzi bwo kurinda amashanyarazi usibye kwishyurwa. Ariko, akenshi duhura nabakoresha bakoresha amafaranga uko bishakiye ishuri nkibikoresho bya II amanota yicyiciro cya II, cyangwa gusohora muburyo butaziguye (gnd) kurupapuro rwinjiza impera yishuri, bityo hariho ingaruka zimwe zumutekano. Nubwo bimeze bityo, ni inshingano z'Uwakoze kugirango wirinde akaga umukoresha yatewe n'iki kibazo. Niyo mpamvu gukoraho ikizamini cyakozwe.
Igisubizo: Mugihe cyo kugerageza ikizamini cya voltage, nta gipimo cyatanzwe nubwoko butandukanye bwibintu byageragejwe, habaho ubushobozi bwihuse mubintu byageragejwe, hamwe na voltage zitandukanye, ntabwo rero ari ngombwa.
Igisubizo: Inzira nziza yo kumenya voltage yikizamini nugushiraho ukurikije ibisobanuro bisabwa kugirango ugerageze. Muri rusange, tuzashyiraho voltage yikizamini ukurikije inshuro 2 nkora voltage yo hiyongereyeho 1000v. Kurugero, niba voltage ikora yibicuruzwa ari 115vac, dukoresha 2 x 115 + 1000 = 1230 volt nka voltage yikizamini. Birumvikana ko voltage yikizamini nayo izagira igenamiterere ritandukanye kubera amanota atandukanye yo kwigarurira ibice.
Igisubizo: Aya magambo uko ari atatu afite ibisobanuro bimwe, ariko akenshi bikoreshwa muburyo bumwe munganda zipimisha.
Igisubizo: Ikizamini cyo kurwanya intangarugero kandi uhangane nikizamini cya Voltage kirasa cyane. Koresha voltage ya DC ya 1000v kumanota yombi kugirango ugeragezwe. Ikizamini cya IR mubisanzwe gitanga agaciro ko kurwanya muri Megohms, ntabwo pass / kunanirwa guhagararira HOPOT. Mubisanzwe, voltage yikizamini ni 500V DC, hamwe no kurwanya abasulali (IR) bidakwiye kuba munsi ya megohms nkeya. Ikizamini cyo kurwanya ibihugu nikizamini kidasenya kandi gishobora gutangiza niba insuji ari nziza. Mubisobanuro bimwe, ikizamini cyo kurwanya ibihugu bikorwa mbere hanyuma uhangane nikizamini cya voltage. Iyo ikizamini cyo kurwanya ibihugu birananirana, ikizamini cya voltage akenshi kirananirana.
Igisubizo: Ikizamini cyo guhuza Ubutaka, abantu bamwe babyita kubutaka (gukomeza ubutaka) ikizamini, ingamba ingaruka hagati yubuhoto nubutaka. Ikizamini cya Bonder Bond kigena niba umuzunguruko wo kurinda utuyemo ushobora gukemura neza amakosa aho ibicuruzwa byananiranye. Igicurarambo cyubutaka kizaba cyeruye 30A DC Igezweho cyangwa AC RMS isaba igipimo cya 40 mubutaka kugirango umenye ingaruka zumuzunguruko wubutaka, muri rusange munsi ya 0.1 Ohms.
Igisubizo: Ikizamini cya IR nikigeragezo cyujuje ubuziranenge kitanga icyerekana ubuziranenge ugereranije na sisitemu yo kwishyurwa. Mubisanzwe bigeragezwa hamwe na voltage ya dc ya 500V cyangwa 1000V, kandi ibisubizo bipimwa no kurwanya Megohm. Ikizamini cya Voltage kirimo nacyo voltage ndende kubikoresho mubizamini (Abakozi), ariko voltage ikoreshwa irarenze ir ikizamini cya IR. Irashobora gukorwa muri AC cyangwa DC voltage. Ibisubizo bipimwa muri milimiamps cyangwa miciamps. Muburyo runaka, ikizamini cya IR gikorwa mbere, gikurikirwa no kugerageza ikizamini cya voltage. Niba igikoresho kirimo ikizamini (Abakozi) cyananiranye ikizamini cya IR, igikoresho kirimo ikizamini (Abakozi) nabyo binaniza ikizamini cya voltage kuri voltage yo hejuru.
Igisubizo: Intego yikizamini cyintangiriro ni ukureba ko insinga zikingira zishobora kwihanganira amakosa yumutekano kugirango umutekano wabakoresha mugihe ubaye ibintu bidasanzwe bibaye mubicuruzwa. Umutekano usanzwe wikizamini gisaba ko voltage ntarengwa yo gufungura idakwiye kurenza urugero rwa 12V, zishingiye kubitekerezo byumutekano wumukoresha. Kunanirwa kwikizamini bibaye, umukoresha arashobora kugabanuka kubyago byo guhungabanya amashanyarazi. Ibipimo rusange bisaba ko imyigaragambyo ikwiye kuba munsi ya 0.1Ohm. Birasabwa gukoresha ikizamini cya AC hamwe na Frequenby ya 50hz cyangwa 60hz kugirango uhuze ibikorwa nyabyo byakazi.
Igisubizo: Hano hari itandukaniro riri hagati yikizamini cya voltage hamwe nikizamini cyangiritse, ariko muri rusange, itandukaniro rishobora kuvugwa mu ncamake. Ikizamini cya voltage ni ugukoresha voltage ndende kugirango uhagarike ibijyanye nibicuruzwa kugirango umenye niba imbaraga zo kwikinisha zihagije kugirango wirinde kumeneka gukabije. Ikizamini cya Leakage nugupima ubudomo butemba mubicuruzwa mubihe bisanzwe kandi bidafite amakosa yimbaraga mugihe ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa.
Igisubizo: Itandukaniro mugihe cyo gusohora biterwa nubushobozi bwikintu cyageragejwe hamwe nu muzunguruko usohokamo urwanira voltage. Amafaranga menshi, igihe kirekire cyo gusohora gisabwa.
A: Icyiciro I Ibikoresho Ishaka ko ibice byayobora bihujwe nuyobora Iyo ibipimo shingiro birananirana, umuyobozi ushinzwe kurinda agomba kuba ashobora kwihanganira amakosa yubu, ni ukuvuga, mugihe ibihugu by'ibanze byananiranye, ibice byagerwaho ntibishobora kuba ibice by'amashanyarazi. Muri make, ibikoresho hamwe na pin yibanze yumugozi wamashanyarazi nicyiciro nicyiciro. Ibikoresho bya II ntibishobora kwishingikiriza gusa "kwishingira shingiro" kugirango birinde amashanyarazi, ariko kandi bitanga izindi ngamba z'umutekano nka "Gusunika kabiri" cyangwa "Insulaclat". Nta bihe bijyanye no kwizerwa kwisi mu isi irinda cyangwa kwishyiriraho.
