1, ihame ry'ibizamini:
a) Guhangana n'ikizamini cya voltage:
Ihame ryibanze ryakazi ni: Gereranya ibijyanye nomero yageragejwe nibikoresho bipimishije kuri voltage ndende yikizamini cyo kwipimisha ikizamini na tester pront urubanza rwubu. Niba umurongo umaze kugaragara uri munsi ya preset agaciro, igikoresho gitambutsa ikizamini. Iyo umurongo wagaragaye urenze urubanza ruri hafi, umuhanga wo kwipimisha ucibwa kandi impuruza yumvikana kandi igaragara, kugirango umenye voltage ihanganye n'imbaraga zageragejwe.
Kubizamini byambere bigerageza ihame ryibizamini,
Voltage ihanganye na tester igizwe ahanini na AC (itaziguye) Amashanyarazi akomeye, umugenzuzi wigihe, gutahura, byerekana umuzenguruko, umuzenguruko wuzunguruko. Ihame ryibanze ryakazi ni: Ikigereranyo cya leakage hafashwe nigikoresho cyageragejwe mugikorwa cya voltage ndende ya voltage na tester ya voltage ugereranywa nurubanza rwa petter ugereranyije nubucamanza bwa pereti. Niba ibijyanye natemba byagaragaye bitari agaciro kateganijwe, igikoresho gitambutsa ikizamini, mugihe ibizamini byagaragaye biruta mukanya kandi aguriza kandi igaragara yoherejwe kugirango imenye voltage kwihanganira imbaraga zabigeragezo.
b) Impengane yo kugenzura:
Turabizi ko voltage yikizamini cyo kugenzura muri rusange 500V cyangwa 1000V, bihwanye no kugerageza DC ihanganye na DC. Munsi yibi voltage, igikoresho gipima agaciro k'ubu, hanyuma wongeraho ikigezweho binyuze mu kubara ku maguru. Hanyuma, irarenga ohm amategeko: r = u / i, aho uri 500V cyangwa 1000V yageragejwe, kandi nditote kuri uyu ndondo. Dukurikije uburambe bwa voltage, dushobora kumva ko ikigezweho ari gito cyane, muri rusange munsi ya 1 μ a.
Irashobora kugaragara mubyo ihame ryibizamini bibangamiye ni kimwe no kugerageza ikizamini cya voltage, ariko ni ukundi kwerekana amategeko ya OHM. Ibiriho bikoreshwa mugusobanura imikorere yikintu kirimo ikizamini, mugihe impongano ni uguhuza ni ukurwanya.
2, intego ya voltage kwihanganira ikizamini:
Voltage kwihanganira ikizamini nikizamini cyangiza, kikoreshwa mugutangiza niba ubushobozi bwibicuruzwa bujuje ibisabwa munsi ya voltage yibanze. Irasaba voltage ndende kubikoresho byageragejwe mugihe runaka kugirango tumenye ko imikorere y'ibikoresho ifite imbaraga zihagije. Indi mpamvu yo iki kizamini nuko ishobora kumenya kandi inenge yibikoresho, nkintera idahagije ya creepage hamwe namashanyarazi adahagije muburyo bwo gukora.
3, voltage kwihanganira voltage yikizamini:
Hariho amategeko rusange yikizamini cya voltage = voltage yamashanyarazi × 2 + 1000V.
Kurugero: Niba voltage yo gutanga imbaraga zibizamini ari 220v, ikizamini cya voltage = 220v × 2 + 1000V = 1480V.
Mubisanzwe, ibyerekeye igihe cyikizamini cya voltage ni umunota umwe. Kubera amafaranga menshi yo kurwanya amashanyarazi kumurongo, igihe cyo kwipimisha ubusanzwe kigabanywa kumasegonda make. Hariho ihame risanzwe. Iyo ikizamini cyagabanutse kugera kumasegonda 1-2 gusa, umupfundikizo wikizamini ugomba kwiyongereyeho 10-20%, kugirango wemererwe kwizerwa mugihe cyigihe gito.
4, impuruza igezweho
Igenamiterere ry'impuruza rimaze kugenwa hakurikijwe ibicuruzwa bitandukanye. Inzira nziza ni ugukora ikizamini kiriho kugirango icyiciro cyambere, ubone agaciro impuzandengo, hanyuma umenye agaciro gake gato kurenza iyi mpuzandengo. Kuberako imirongo iriho yifashishwa byageragejwe byanze bikunze, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko imenyesha ryambere rihagije kugirango wirinde gutwarwa nikosa ryubu, kandi rigomba kuba rito bihagije kugirango twirinde gutsinda icyitegererezo kidakurikizwa. Rimwe na rimwe, birashoboka kandi kumenya niba icyitegererezo gihuye nibisohoka kurangiza tester ya voltage mugushiraho induru nkeya kurubu.
5, guhitamo ikizamini cya AC na DC
Ikizamini cya voltage, ibipimo byinshi byumutekano byemerera gukoresha ac cyangwa dC voltage mugihe uhanganye nibizamini bya voltage. Niba ac teltage ya AC ikoreshwa, mugihe voltage yo kuringaniza, insulator kugirango igeragezwe izaba ifite igitutu kinini mugihe agaciro ka fatizo aribyiza cyangwa bibi. Kubwibyo, niba byemejwe guhitamo gukoresha ikizamini cya DC voltage, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko voltage ya DC ari kabiri voltage ya ac, kugirango voltage ya ac ibe ingana na voltage ya ac. Kurugero: 1500V AC Voltage, kuri voltage ya DC kugirango ikore umubare wamashanyarazi agomba kuba 1500 × 1.414 ni 2121v DC voltage.
Imwe mu nyungu zo gukoresha voltage ya DC ni uko muri DC Mode, ubu itemba binyuze mu gutabaza igikoresho cyo gupima voltage kuri testers nicyo kizengurutse icyitegererezo. Indi nyungu yo gukoresha DC Ibizamini nuko voltage ishobora gukoreshwa buhoro buhoro. Iyo voltage yiyongereye, umukoresha arashobora kumenya ikirundo kinyura kumurongo mbere yo gusenyuka bibaho. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko mugihe ukoresheje DC Voltage uhanganye na tester, icyitegererezo kigomba gusezererwa nyuma yikizamini cyarangiye kubera kwishyuza ubushobozi. Mubyukuri, nubwo wabigeguwe gute nibiranga ibicuruzwa, nibyiza gusohora mbere yo gukora ibicuruzwa.
Ibibi bya DC voltage bihanganye nikizamini ni uko byakoresha voltage yikizamini gusa, kandi ntishobora gukurikiza imihangayiko ya polarity nka ac ikizamini cya AC, kandi ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki bikora munsi yamashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, kubera ko DC Ikizamini cya DC kiragoye kubyara, ikiguzi cyo kugerageza DC kiri hejuru yicyiciro cya AC.
Akarusho ka AC Voltage ikubiyemo ikizamini ni uko bishobora kumenya ubuhanga bwa voltage, bugerweho nikibazo gifatika. Byongeye kandi, kubera ko AC Voltage ya AC itazishyuza ubushobozi, mubihe byinshi, agaciro karimo gahamye karashobora kuboneka mugusohora mu buryo butaziguye voltage ihuye ntama buhoro buhoro. Byongeye kandi, nyuma yikigeragezo cya AC kirarangiye, nta cyitegererezo gisaba.
Kubura voltage ac voltage yikizamini ni uko niba hari ubushobozi bunini bwumurongo mubizamini, rimwe na rimwe, ikizamini cya AC kizacibwa intege nabi. Ibipimo byinshi byumutekano byemerera abakoresha kudahuza y ubushobozi mbere yo kwipimisha, cyangwa ahubwo bakoresha ibizamini bya DC. Iyo dc voltage yiyongereyeho ikizamini yiyongereye kuri y, ntabwo izacika intege kubera ko ubushobozi buzemerera iki gihe cyose gutambutsa muri iki gihe.
Igihe cya nyuma: Gicurasi-10-2021
