A: Lo ngumbuzo wokuba abavelisi beemveliso abaninzi abafuna ukubuza, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo eyona mpendulo ixhaphakileyo ngu "kuba umgangatho wokhuseleko ucacisa yona." Ukuba ungayiqonda nzulu imvelaphi yeMigaqo yoKhuseleko loMbane, uyakufumana uxanduva emva kwawo. ngentsingiselo. Nangona uvavanyo lokhuseleko lombane luthatha ixesha elincinci kumgca wemveliso, luvumela ukuba unciphise umngcipheko wemveliso ehlaziyiweyo ngenxa yeengozi zombane. UKUFUMANA IXESHA LOKUQALA yindlela elungileyo yokunciphisa iindleko kwaye ugcine inkoliseko.
A: Uvavanyo lomonakalo wombane luhlulwe ikakhulu kwezi ntlobo zine zilandelayo: Uvavanyo lwe-disstand / hipot: uvavanyo lwe-hipot: i-hipot ye-hipot: i-hipot ye-hipot isebenza kwi-voltage ephezulu kumandla kunye nemilinganiselo yomhlaba. Uvavanyo lokungaxhathisa ngokungafaniyo: Ukulinganisa imeko yokufakelwa kombane kwimveliso. Uvavanyo lwangoku: fumana ukuba ivumba le-ac / dc amandla e-AC / DC yamandla kwi-terminal ephantsi ingaphezulu komgangatho. Umhlaba okhuselayo: Vavanya ukuba ngaba izakhiwo ezifikelelekayo zentsimbi zisibekekile ngokufanelekileyo.
A: Ukhuseleko lwee-testers kubavelisi okanye iilebhu zovavanyo, kuyenziwa eYurophu iminyaka emininzi. Nokuba ngabavelisi bezixhobo ze-elektroniki, iimveliso zetekhnoloji yolwazi, izixhobo zekhaya, izixhobo zoomatshini okanye ezinye izixhobo, ezibandakanya ukumakishwa kwendawo yovavanyo (abasebenzi Indawo, Indawo yeSixhobo, Indawo yokumakisha), izixhobo zokumakishwa kwezixhobo (ingozi ephawulwe "okanye izinto eziphantsi kovavanyo), imeko yokufakelwa kwezixhobo zovavanyo (IEC 610).
A: I-A: I-Comtagend yovavanyo lwe-voltage okanye uvavanyo lwe-voltage ephezulu (uvavanyo lweHipot) luyi-100% yemigangatho esetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa i-JSI, i-CSA, i-BSI, i-IC, i-TUV, njl. Iiarhente zokhuseleko) Ikwanovavanyo lwaziwayo oluye lwenziwa ngokulinganayo. Uvavanyo lwe-hipot luvavanyo olungonakalisiyo ukufumanisa ukuba izixhobo zokufakelwa kombane zixhathisa ngokwaneleyo funity funtsege, kwaye luvavanyo lwevoli elisebenza kakhulu esebenza kuzo zonke izixhobo zokuqinisekisa ukuba izinto ze-pishative zanele. Ezinye izizathu zokwenza uvavanyo lwe-hipot kukuba likwazi ukubona isiphene esinokubakho njengokungoneliseki okwaneleyo kunye nokucaciswa okubangelwe ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenziwa.
A: Ngokwesiqhelo, ukugoba kwe-voltage kwinkqubo yamandla li-zula ye-sine. Ngexesha lokusebenza kwenkqubo yamandla, ngenxa yokubetha kombane, ukusebenza, iimpazamo okanye iParameter engalunganga ehambelana nezixhobo zombane, ivolthi yeenxalenye ezithile zenkqubo, egqithisileyo. I-Overvilllicge inokwahlulwa yahlulwahlulwahlulwa kabini ngokwezizathu zazo. Inye i-overvollige ebangelwa kukubetha ngokuthe ngqo okanye ukungeniswa kombane, okubizwa ngokuba yi-overvollicage yangaphandle. Ubungakanani bombane butyhina i-voltage yangoku neyokucinga inkulu, kwaye ixesha lifutshane kakhulu, elinengozi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba imigca engaphezulu kwe-3-10kv kwaye ngezantsi kwiidolophu kunye namashishini ngokubanzi aphethwe ziindibano zocweyo okanye izakhiwo ezide, amathuba okubethwa ngokuthe ngqo ngumbane kakhulu, osele ukhuselekile. Ngaphezu koko, oko kuxoxwayo apha zizixhobo zombane zasekhaya, ezingaphantsi komgangatho okhankanywe apha ngasentla, kwaye aziyi kuxoxwa ngokubhekele phaya. Olunye uhlobo lubangelwa kukuguqulwa kwamandla okanye utshintsho lweparamitha ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yamandla, njengokufanelekileyo kumgca ongafakwanga umthwalo, ukunqunyulwa komthwalo kwi-UNSE-STAX, kunye ne-Arc yeSigaba se-ARC kwiNkqubo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-overvllstage yangaphakathi. I-Overvollipge yangaphakathi sisiseko esikhulu sokumisela inqanaba lesiqhelo lokufakelwa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zombane kwinkqubo yamandla. Oko kukuthi, uyilo lolwakhiwo lokufakelwa kwemveliso alunakuqwalasela nje i-voltage enqwenelekayo kodwa ikwangaphakathi kwendawo engaphezulu kwemveliso yokusebenzisa imveliso. Uvavanyo lwe-voltand ye-voltage kukufumanisa ukuba ingaba i-valesmered yemveliso iyakwazi ukumelana nokungaphezulu kwenkqubo yamandla.
A: Ngokwesiqhelo i-AC inyanzelisa uvavanyo lwe-voltageat ngakumbi kwiiarhente zezokhuseleko ngakumbi kune-DC, i-DC iphinde ihlolwe i-voltage. Esona sizathu kukuba uninzi lwezinto eziphantsi kovavanyo ziya kusebenza phantsi kwevoldage ye-AC, kwaye uvavanyo lwe-AC luyekelela inzuzo yokutshintsha izibuko, ezisondeleyo kuxinzelelo lwemveliso ziya kudibana noko. Kuba uvavanyo lwe-AC alubizi umthwalo wetyala, ukufundwa kwangoku kuhlala kungokufanayo kwasekuqaleni kwesicelo sevolthi de kube sekupheleni kovavanyo. Ke ngoko, akukho mfuneko yokuphepha i-voltage njengoko kungamisi imiba yokuzinzisa imfuneko yokubeka esweni ukufundwa kwangoku. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngaphandle kwemveliso phantsi kovavanyo oxineneyo nge-voltage, umqhubi unokufaka isicelo ngokukhawuleza kwaye afunde okwangoku ngaphandle kokulinda. Kuba ivoltage ye-AC ayihlawulisi umthwalo, akukho sidingo sokukhupha isixhobo phantsi kovavanyo emva kovavanyo.
A: Xa kuvavanywa imithwalo yezakhono, iyonke iyonke iqulethe imijelo yokusebenza kunye nokuvuza. Xa isixa senani elisebenzayo sikhulu kakhulu kunoMvundla oyinyani okwangoku, kunokuba nzima ukufumana iimveliso ezinomgangatho ogqithisileyo. Xa ivavanya imithwalo enkulu yamandla, iyonke iyonke ifunekayo inkulu kakhulu kunokuvuza ngokwakho. Oku kunokuba yingozi enkulu njengoko umqhubi evezwa kwimisinga ephezulu
A: Xa isixhobo esiphantsi kovavanyo (isicelo) sihlawuliswa ngokupheleleyo, kuphela ukungena kwenyani kwangoku. Oku kwenza ukuba i-DC ye-DC Hitter ibonisa ngokucacileyo imveliso yenyani yangoku yemveliso ephantsi kovavanyo. Ngenxa yokuba ukutshaja kwangoku kuphila ubomi obufutshane, iimfuno zombane ze-DC ziyakwazi ukubopha i-gotage titer zihlala zingaphantsi kunezo ze-AC, i-ac tost esetyenziselwa ukuvavanya imveliso yevolthi.
A: Ukusukela i-DC Tostrend uvavanyo lwe-voltage iyabiza i-DOSTE Uvavanyo lwe-DC lubiza i-capacitor. Ukuba isithuba sisebenzisa amandla e-AC AC, indlela ye-DC ayijonganga meko.
A: Zimbini iintlobo zokuvavanywa kwe-voltage: i-AC, kuvavanyo lwe-voltageage kwaye i-DC iyakwazi ukuvavanywa kwe-voltage. Ngenxa yeempawu zezixhobo zokufaka izilwanyana, iindlela zobuqhetseba kwezixhobo ze-AC kunye ne-DC zahlukile. Uninzi lwezixhobo zokugcina kunye neenkqubo ziqukethe uluhlu lweendaba ezahlukeneyo. Xa kusetyenziswa i-AC Vistal Vistage kuyo, i-voltage iya kusasazwa ngokulinganayo kwiiparamitha ezinje nge-diectric rhoqo kunye nobungakanani bezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngelixa i-DC Voltage ihambisa kuphela i-voltage ngokomgangatho wokuchasana nomxholo. Kwaye enyanisweni, ukwaphuka kwesakhiwo se-sublacapes kudla ngokubangelwa kukuqhekeka kombane, ukophuleka kwe-shirmal, ukukhutshwa kunye nezinye iindlela ngexesha elinye, kwaye kunzima ukwahlula ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye i-voltage ye-AC yonyusa ukubakho kokuqulunqwa kwe-thermal ngaphezulu kwe-DC Voltage. Ke ngoko, siyakholelwa ukuba i-AC i-AC, kuvavanyo lwe-voltages yingqondi engaphezulu kwe-DC ithathe uvavanyo lwe-voltage. Ngokwenene, xa usenza uvavanyo lwe-voltagend ye-voltage, ukuba i-DC isetyenziselwa uvavanyo lwe-voltage, i-voltage yovavanyo kufuneka iphakame ngaphezu kovavanyo lovavanyo lwendabuko. I-voltage yovavanyo ye-DC General DC iphindaphindwe ngovavanyo lwe-voltage iphindaphindwe ngexabiso elisebenzayo ngexabiso le-AC le-AC. Ngovavanyo lokuthelekisa, sinezi zinto zilandelayo: Kwingcingo kunye neemveliso zentambo, i-k istat k ngu-3; Umzi-mveliso wokuhambisa inqwelo moya, i-kist k ngu-1.6 ukuya kwi-1.7; I-CSA ngokubanzi isebenzisa i-1.414 yeemveliso zaseburhulumenteni.
A: I-A: I-Vightage yoVavanyo egqiba uvavanyo lwe-voltage ye-voltage ixhomekeke kwintengiso yemveliso yakho eya kwenziwa, kwaye kufuneka uhambisane nemigangatho yokhuseleko okanye imigaqo eyinxalenye yeMigaqo yoLawulo lweLizwe. I-Voltage yoVavanyo kunye neXesha lokuvavanya Eyona meko ifanelekileyo kukubuza ukuba ngumthengi wakho ukuba akunike iimfuno zovavanyo ezifanelekileyo. I-voltage yovavanyo yokuvavanywa kwe-voltage imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Ukuba i-voltage esebenzayo iphakathi kwe-42V kunye ne-1000V, i-voltage yovavanyo iphindwe kabini kwi-voltage esebenzayo kunye ne-1000v. Olu voti lovavanyo lusetyenziselwa umzuzu omnye. Umzekelo, kwimveliso esebenza kwi-230v, i-voltage yovavanyo yi-1460v. Ukuba ixesha lesicelo se-voltage lifutshane, i-voltage yovavanyo kufuneka inyuswe. Umzekelo, iimeko zemveliso zovavanyo lwe-UL 935:
| imeko | Ixesha lesicelo (imizuzwana) | ivolthi esetyenzisiweyo |
| A | 60 | I-1000V + (2 x v) |
| B | 1 | 1200v + (2.4 x v) |
| V = I-voltage ephezulu | ||
A: Umthamo we-hipot titer ubhekisa kwiziphumo zawo. Umthamo we-test ye-voltage titer igqitywe kweyona nto iphambili kwi-X iphezulu ye-voltage ephezulu yemveliso. Umz: 5000Vx100MA = 500va
A: Ukuxhobisa into exineneyo yeyona nto ivavanyiweyo sisizathu esiphambili sokumahluko phakathi kwexabiso eliphakathi le-AC kunye ne-DC, kunye neemvavanyo zovavanyo lwe-voltage. Ezi zixhobo ziphambukayo zisenokungahlawuliswa ngokupheleleyo xa kuvavanywa nge-AC, kwaye kuya kubakho ukubakho okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo kwezinto ezilahlekileyo. Ngovavanyo lwe-DC, kanye njengokuba i-canocitionation elahlekileyo kwisithuba ihlawulisiwe ngokupheleleyo, into ekhoyo yeyona nto ivuzayo yangoku yesakhiwo. Ke ngoko, ukuvuza kwexabiso langoku elilinganiswe yi-AC, i-AC, i-AC, kwaye i-DC iyakwazi ukuvavanywa kwe-voltage kuya kuba kwahlukile.
A: Izithinteli abangengamsebenzi, kodwa enyanisweni phantse akukho zixhobo zokuthambisa zingeyonto ingasebenziyo. Ngayo nayiphi na into efakelweyo, xa kusetyenziswa i-voltage kuyo, enye yangoku iya kuhlala ihamba. Icandelo elisebenzayo langoku libizwa ngokuba le-leakuge yangoku, kwaye le nto ikwabizwa ngokuba kukuvuza kwe-insulator. Ngovavanyo lwezixhobo zombane, ukuvuza ngokubhekisa kwixesha elikhoyo ngumhlaba ophakathi okanye ojikelezayo phakathi kwezinto zentsimbi kunye nezinto eziphilayo kunye nenxalenye ye-voltage esetyenzisiweyo. kukuvuza okwangoku. Ngokutsho komgangatho we-IL ye-US, ukuvuza okwangoku yiyo le nto inokuqhutywa kwiindawo ezifikelelekayo zezixhobo zombane zasekhaya, kubandakanya nemisinga edityanisiweyo. Ukuvuza okwangoku kubandakanya iinxalenye ezimbini, icandelo elinye yimfundiso yangoku i1 ngokumanyanisa i-inshonter; Elinye icala kukususwa kwangoku i2 kwi-I2 ngokusasaza, i-ream yokuxhasa i-XC ye-XC = 1/3PFC kwaye ilinganiswe ngokungapheliyo kwi-frequency, kunye nokunyuka kwangoku kwenziwe rhoqo ngerejista. Ukunyusa, ke ukuvuswa ngokuvuza okwangoku nge-frequenchency yombane. Umzekelo: Usebenzisa i-quidrikyuli yokuhambisa amandla, izinto zayo ezihambelana nokuhambelana nokunyusa ukuvuza okwangoku.
A: Uvavanyo lwe-voltagend ye-voltage kukufumanisa ukuvuza ngokuvuza ngokuhamba kwenkqubo yokufakelwa kwento ephantsi kovavanyo, kwaye kusebenzise i-voltage ephezulu kunenkqubo yokusebenza kwiNkqubo yokuSebenza; Ngelixa amandla avuzayo ngoku (nxibelelana okwangoku) kukufumanisa ukuvuza okwangoku kwento ephantsi kovavanyo phantsi kokusebenza okuqhelekileyo. Ukulinganisa ukuvuza okwangoku kwento elingayo phantsi kwemeko engathandekiyo (i-voltage, rhoqo). Ukubeka nje, ukuvuza okwangoku kovavanyo lwe-voltage ye-Comstage kukuvuza kwemilinganiselo yokungasebenzi, kunye nokuvuza kwamandla (kunye nokuvuza kwamandla (uqhagamshelwano
A: Kwimveliso ye-elektroniki yezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo, umlinganiso wochukumisayo unemilinganiselo eyahlukileyo, kodwa ngokubanzi, contral, unxibelelane no-World On Soud Owdagey Okwangoku kunye noMphezulu -I -to-line ivuza i-leakid youlelo yangoku ye-Tough eNgqolo kwiVimba leMigangatho yokuvuza
A: Iinxalenye zentsimbi ezifikelelekayo okanye izinto ezivaliweyo zeemveliso ze-elektroniki zezixhobo kufuneka zibe nesiphaluka esihle njengenyathelo lokukhusela ngokuchasene nokothuswa kombane ngaphandle kokufakwa kombane ngaphandle kokufakwa kombane. Nangona kunjalo, sisoloko sidibana nabanye abasebenzisi abasebenzisa izixhobo zeklasi kunye nezixhobo zeklasi, okanye ngokuthe ngqo kwi-terminal yomhlaba (i-GNN) kwizixhobo zokupheliswa kwezixhobo zeklasi, ngoko kukho umngcipheko othile wokhuseleko. Nangona kunjalo, luxanduva loMvelisi ukuba aphephe ingozi kumsebenzisi obangelwe yile meko. Kungenxa yoko le nto kufunwa luvavanyo lwangoku.
A: Ngexesha le-AC i-AC, kuvavanyo lwe-voltage, akukho nqanaba ngenxa yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezivavanyiweyo, ubukho bezinto eziphathwayo kwizinto ezivavanyiweyo, kwaye akukho nqanaba.
A: Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuchonga i-voltage yovavanyo kukuseta ngokweenkcukacha ezifunekayo kuvavanyo. Ngokubanzi, siya kuseta i-voltage yovavanyo ngokwamaxesha ama-2 i-voltage esebenzayo kunye ne-1000V. Umzekelo, ukuba i-voltage yokusebenza yemveliso yi-115vac, sisebenzisa i-2 x 115 + 1000 = 1230 volt njengevolthi yovavanyo. Ewe kunjalo, ivoltuge yovavanyo iya kuba neesetingi ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yamabakala ahlukeneyo okufaka izilwanyana.
A: La magama mathathu anentsingiselo efanayo, kodwa ahlala esetyenziswa ngokuthe tyaba kwishishini lovavanyo.
A: Uvavanyo lokunganyangeki kwe-inshonter kunye nokuvavanywa kwe-voltages kufake kakhulu. Faka isicelo se-DC voltage ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1000V ukuya kwiindawo ezimbini ekufuneka zihlolwe. Uvavanyo lwe-IR luhlala lunika ixabiso lokuchasana ne-megohims, hayi i-pass / isindululo esivela kuvavanyo lwe-hipot. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-voltage yovavanyo yi-500v DC, kunye nexabiso lokufakelwa (ir) lexabiso akufuneki libe ngaphantsi kwe-megoms ezimbalwa. Uvavanyo lokunganyangeki lufundwayo luvavanyo olungelulo oluqhelekileyo kwaye lunokufumana ukuba ishushintsho ilungile. Ngandlela thile, uvavanyo lokunganyangwa kwe-inshontes lwenziwe kuqala kwaye emva koko uvavanywe nge-voltage. Xa uvavanyo lokunganyangekiswa kokufakwa luyasilela, ukuvavanywa kwe-voltages kuhlala kusilela.
A: Uvavanyo loNxibelelwano loMhlaba, abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuqhubekayo (ukuqhubeka komhlaba), amanyathelo okhuseleko phakathi kwe-rack kunye nesithuba somhlaba. Uvavanyo lweBomi lweBomi lugcina ukuba inqanawa yokhuseleko ye-Donse inokuphatha kakubi ngempazamo ngoku ukuba imveliso iyasilela. I-tester yomhlaba yebhothi iya kuvelisa ubuninzi be-30a DC yangoku okanye i-CSS yangoku (i-CSA ifuna ukumiswa kwe-40a) ngesekethe i-40a ukumisela ukumisela isekethe, ephantsi kwe-0.1 OHMS.
A: Uvavanyo lwe-IR luvavanyo olufanelekileyo olunika uphawu lomgangatho wenkqubo yokufakelwa. Ihlala ivavanywa nge-DC Voltage ye-500v okanye i-1000V, kwaye isiphumo silinganiswa nge-megohm yokunganyangeki. Uvavanyo lwe-voltand voltage lukwasebenza kwi-voltage ephezulu kwisixhobo esiphantsi kovavanyo (isithuba), kodwa i-voltage esetyenzisiweyo iphezulu kunelo kuvavanyo lwe-IR. Inokwenziwa kwi-ac okanye i-DC voltage. Iziphumo zilinganiswe kwii-milliamps okanye i-micromp. Ngayenye ingcaciso, uvavanyo lwe-IR lwenziwa kuqala, lulandelwa luvavanyo lwevoltage ye-voltage. Ukuba isixhobo esiphantsi kovavanyo (isixhobo) siphumeleli uvavanyo lwe-IR, isixhobo esiphantsi kovavanyo (isixhobo) siyasilela ukuvavanywa kwe-voltages kwi-voltage.
A: Injongo yovavanyo lokunyanzeliswa komhlaba kukuqinisekisa ukuba ucingo olusezantsi lukhuseleko lunokumelana nokuhamba kwempazamo yangoku ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzisi xa imeko engaqhelekanga yenzeka kwimveliso yezixhobo. I-voltage yovavanyo olukumgangatho wokhuseleko lufuna ukuba esona siphatho sesekethe esivulekileyo esingavunyelwanga akufuneki sigqithe umda we-12V, esekwe kwiinkalo zomsebenzisi. Nje ukuba isithintelo sovavanyo senzeka, umqhubi unokuncitshiswa abe ngumngcipheko wokothuka umbane. Umgangatho jikelele ufuna ukuba ukuxhathisa komhlaba kufuneka kungabi ngaphantsi kwe-0.ohm. Kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise uvavanyo lwangoku lwangoku nge-50hz okanye i-60hz ukuze ifezekise eyona ndawo isebenzayo yemveliso.
A: Kukho umahluko phakathi kovavanyo lwe-voltand kunye novavanyo lwamandla, kodwa ngokubanzi, lo mahluko unokushwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Uvavanyo lwe-voltand ye-voltage kukusebenzisa i-voltage ephezulu ukuze ichaphazele ukufunyanwa kwemveliso ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba i-inshulelelo yemveliso yemveliso yanele ukuthintela ukuvuza okugqithisileyo. Uvavanyo lwangoku lokuvuza kukulinganisa ukuvuza okwangoku okuhamba ngemveliso phantsi kwemveliso eqhelekileyo kunye nexabiso elinye lokuhambisa amandla xa imveliso isetyenziswa.
A: Umahluko kwi-elfriget lixesha luxhomekeke kwinto evavanyiweyo kunye nesekethe esekekethe ye-gostand titer. Ukuphakama kwejaji, ixesha elide ixesha lokukhulula liyafuneka.
A: Iklasi yezixhobo zithetha ukuba iinxalenye zemfundo ezifikelelekayo ziqhagamshelwe kumqhubi wokhuselo; Xa i-insulation esisiseko iyasilela, umqhubi okhuselayo owomileyo kufuneka akwazi ukumelana nempazamo yangoku, oko kukuthi, xa isithsaba esisisiseko siyasilela, iinxalenye ezifikelelekayo azinakuba ngamalungu ombane aphilayo. Ngamafutshane, izixhobo ezinePIN ye-PIN yentambo yamandla sisixhobo seklasi. Iklasi yezixhobo azixhomekekanga kuphela "ekufakelweni kwesiseko" ukukhusela umbane, kodwa ikwabonelela ngamanye amanyathelo okhuseleko afana nokufakelwa kabini "okanye" ukhawulezisa ". Akukho meko malunga nokuthembeka kwemeko yokukhusela okanye iimeko zokufaka.
