A: Lokhu kungumbuzo abakhiqizi bomkhiqizo abaningi abafuna ukubuza, futhi impendulo evame kakhulu ukuthi "ngoba indinganiso yezokuphepha iyasibeka." Uma ungaqonda ngokujulile isizinda semithethonqubo yokuphepha kagesi, uzothola umthwalo wemfanelo ngemuva kwawo. ngencazelo. Yize ukuhlola kukagesi kuthatha isikhathi esincane emgqeni wokukhiqiza, kukuvumela ukuthi unciphise ubungozi bokuvuselelwa komkhiqizo ngenxa yezingozi zikagesi. Ukuthola okulungile okokuqala kuyindlela efanele yokunciphisa izindleko futhi ulondoloze okuhle.
A: Ukuhlolwa komonakalo kagesi kuhlukaniswe ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezine ezilandelayo: Ukuvunyelwa kwe-Dielectric Isivivinyo sokumelana nesodwa: Kala isimo sokufakwa kukagesi komkhiqizo. Ukuhlolwa kwamanje okuvuzayo: Thola ukuthi ngabe i-ackage yamanje yokuhlinzekwa kwamandla kwe-AC / DC kuya esiteshini somhlaba kudlula izinga. Umhlaba Ovikelekile: Hlola ukuthi ngabe izinhlaka zensimbi ezifinyelelekayo zisusiwe kahle.
A: Ngokuphepha kwabahloli kubakhiqizi noma ama-laboratories okuhlola, kwenziwa eYurophu iminyaka eminingi. Noma ngabe kungumkhiqizi kanye nabahloli bemishini ye-elekthronikhi, imikhiqizo yezobuchwepheshe bolwazi, imishini yasendlini, amathuluzi wemishini noma eminye imishini, noma ngabe yizahluko zokubhala (izisebenzi indawo, indawo yensimbi, indawo ye-DUT), ukumakwa kwempahla (okumakwe ngokusobala "ingozi" noma izinto ezivivinyayo)
A: Phakamela Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Voltage noma ukuhlolwa kwamandla aphezulu (ukuhlolwa kwe-hipot) kuyinto ejwayelekile eyi-100% esetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa izici zekhwalithi kanye nezimpawu zokuphepha zikagesi zemikhiqizo (enjengalezo ezidingwa nguJSI, i-IEC, i-TUV, njll. International Ama-ejensi okuphepha) Futhi kungukuhlolwa kokuphepha komugqa ojwayelene kakhulu futhi kuvame ukwenziwa. Ukuhlolwa kwe-hipot kungukuhlola okungeyona eyonakalisayo ukuthola ukuthi izinto zokwenza ugesi zimelana ngokwanele kuma-voltages aphezulu, futhi kungukuhlola okunamandla okusebenza kuyo yonke imishini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezifakiwe zanele. Ezinye izizathu zokwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-hipot ukuthi zingathola iziphambeko ezingaba khona njengamabanga amabanga anganele kanye nokucaciswa okubangelwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.
A: Ngokuvamile, i-waveform ye-voltage ohlelweni lwamandla yi-sine wave. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kohlelo lwamandla, ngenxa yokugawulwa kombani, ukusebenza, amaphutha noma amapharamitha angafanele emishini kagesi, amavolushi ezinye izingxenye zohlelo ngokuzumayo akhuphuka ngokuzumayo futhi adlula kakhulu i-voltage yayo. I-Svervoltage ingahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili ngokuya ngezimbangela zayo. Enye i-overvoltage ebangelwa isiteleka esiqondile sombani noma ukungeniswa kombani, okubizwa ngokuthi yi-exvertoltage yangaphandle. Ubukhulu be-Lightning Fulse yamanje kanye ne-Intulse Voltage bakhulu, futhi isikhathi sifushane kakhulu, esibhubhisayo kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngoba imigqa ebheke phezulu ka-3-10kv nangaphansi emadolobheni namabhizinisi ajwayelekile ezimboni avikelwe ama-workshops noma amathuba amade, amathuba okuthi ahlaselwe umbani incane kakhulu, ephephile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuxoxwe ngakho lapha kuyinto izinto zikagesi zasendlini, ezingekho ngaphakathi kwesilinganiso esishiwo ngenhla, futhi ngeke kuxoxwe ngokuqhubekayo. Olunye uhlobo lubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwamandla noma ipharamitha eshintsha ngaphakathi kohlelo lwamandla, njengokufanela umugqa wokulayisha, ukusika i-transformer engalayishiwe, kanye ne-arc yesigaba esisodwa esisesigabeni se-arc, esibizwa nge-overvoltage yangaphakathi. I-Overvoltage yangaphakathi yisisekelo esiyinhloko sokunquma izinga elijwayelekile lokufakelwa kwemishini kagesi ehlukahlukene ohlelweni lwamandla. Lokho kusho ukuthi, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo sokufakelwa komkhiqizo akufanele kubhekwe hhayi kuphela i-voltage ekalwa kepha futhi nokuvezwa kwangaphakathi kwemvelo yokusebenzisa umkhiqizo. Ukumelana ne-Voltage Test ukuthola ukuthi ukwakheka komkhiqizo kungamelana nokuvezwa kwangaphakathi kohlelo lwamandla.
A: Imvamisa i-AC imelana nokuhlolwa kwe-voltage yamukelekile kakhulu kuma-ejensi okuphepha kunama-DC ekwazi ukumelana novivinyo lwe-voltage. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi izinto eziningi ezivivinyayo zizosebenza ngaphansi kwamandla kagesi e-AC, kanti i-AC imelana nokuhlolwa kwamandla kagesi inikeza inzuzo yokushintshana kwezinye izindawo zokugcina umkhiqizo ozohlangabezana nokusetshenziswa kwangempela. Njengoba ukuhlolwa kwe-AC kungakhokhisi umthwalo we-capacitive, ukufundwa kwamanje kuhlala kuyafana kusukela ekuqaleni kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-voltage kuze kube sekupheleni kwesivivinyo. Ngakho-ke, asikho isidingo sokuhlanganisa amavoluka njengoba kungekho nezinkinga zokuqinisa ezidingekayo ukuqapha ukufundwa kwamanje. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngaphandle kokuthi umkhiqizo ungaphansi kokuhlolwa kokuhlola okusebenziseka kalula, opharetha angasebenza ngokushesha okugcwele futhi afunde okwamanje ngaphandle kokulinda. Njengoba i-ac voltage ayikhokhisi umthwalo, asikho isidingo sokukhipha idivaysi ngaphansi kokuhlolwa ngemuva kovivinyo.
A: Lapho kuvivinywa imithwalo ye-capacitive, inani eliphelele liqukethe imisinga esebenzayo nevuthayo. Lapho inani lamanje lamanje likhulu kakhulu kunesia livuza langempela, kungaba nzima ukuthola imikhiqizo enokuvuza okwedlulele kwamanje. Lapho uvivinya imithwalo emikhulu ye-capacitive, okudingekayo okuphelele kukhulu kakhulu kunokuvuza kwakho uqobo. Lokhu kungaba yingozi enkulu njengoba u-opharetha evezwa kumisinga ephakeme
A: Lapho idivaysi evivinywayo (i-DUT) ikhokhiswa ngokuphelele, ukugeleza kwangempela kwangempela okuvuvukala. Lokhu kunika amandla umhloli we-DC Hipot ukukhombisa ngokucacile ukuthi i-True Vuloage yamanje yomkhiqizo ovivinywa. Ngoba ukushaja kwamanje kuphila isikhashana, izidingo zamandla ze-DC zimelana nomhloli we-voltage zivame ukuba ngaphansi kakhulu kunalokho kwe-AC ekwazi ukumelana nomhloli ofanayo.
A: Njengoba i-DC imelana nokuhlolwa kwe-voltage i-voltage iyakhokhisa i-DUT, ukuze isuse ubungozi bokushaqeka kukagesi ku-opharetha ukuphatha i-DUT ngemuva kokuhlola i-vortage voltage, i-DUT kumele ikhishwe ngemuva kokuhlolwa. I-DC Test ishaja i-capacitor. Uma i-DUT empeleni isebenzisa amandla e-AC, indlela ye-DC ayilingisi isimo sangempela.
A: Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokumelana nezivivinyo ze-voltage: ac uprantle test voltage test kanye ne-DC ekwazi ukumelana novivinyo lwe-voltage. Ngenxa yezimpawu zezinto zokufaka ezifaka izicelo, izindlela zokuqhekeka ze-AC ne-DC Voltages zihlukile. Izinto zokufaka ezifakwanga kakhulu nezinhlelo ziqukethe uhla lwemidiya ehlukene. Lapho kufakwa i-ac test voltage kuyo, i-voltage izosatshalaliswa ngokulingana namapharamitha anjenge-dielectric genints njalo. Ngenkathi i-voltage ye-DC iyisabalalisa kuphela ama-voltage ngokulingana nokumelana nokuqukethwe. Futhi eqinisweni, ukwephulwa kwesakhiwo esifaka inyosi kuvame ukubangelwa ukuqhekeka kukagesi, ukuwohloka okushisayo, ukuphuma kanye nezinye izindlela ngasikhathi sinye, futhi kunzima ukuzihlukanisa ngokuphelele. Futhi i-ac voltage yandisa amathuba okuphuka okushisayo ngaphezulu kwe-DC voltage. Ngakho-ke, sikholwa ukuthi isivivinyo se-AC simelana ne-voltage voltant siqinile kune-DC simelana nokuhlolwa kwe-voltage voltage. Ekusebenzeni kwangempela, lapho wenza isivikelo se-handpantle voltage, uma i-DC isetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kwe-handstantwe I-Voltage Yokuhlola ye-General DC emelana ne-Voltage Test yandiswa yi-GRONATE K ngenani elisebenzayo le-AC Test Voltage. Ngokuhlolwa kokuqhathanisa, sinemiphumela elandelayo: ngocingo nemikhiqizo ye-Cable, i-Constant K i-3; embonini yezindiza, i-Constant K ingu-1.6 kuye ku-1.7; I-CSA ngokuvamile isebenzisa i-1.414 yemikhiqizo yezenhlalo.
A: I-voltage yokuhlola enquma ukuhlolwa kwe-handpantle voltage kuncike emakethe umkhiqizo wakho uzofakwa kuwo, futhi kufanele uhambisane namazinga okuphepha noma imithethonqubo eyingxenye yemithetho yezwe yokulawula ezweni. I-Test Voltage kanye nesikhathi sokuhlola sokuhlola ukusekelwa kwamandla kagesi kuchaziwe kwiZinga Lokuphepha. Isimo esihle ukucela iklayenti lakho ukuthi likunikeze izidingo zokuhlola ezifanele. I-voltage yokuhlola ye-General Inamelana Vivit Vertage i-ASTION: Uma i-voltage esebenzayo iphakathi kwe-42v ne-1000V, i-test voltage kabili i-voltage plus 1000V. Le voltage yokuhlola isetshenziswa ngomzuzu 1. Isibonelo, ngomkhiqizo osebenza ku-230v, i-test voltage iyi-1460V. Uma isikhathi sohlelo lokusebenza lwe-voltage sifinyeziwe, i-test voltage kumele inyuswe. Isibonelo, izimo zokuhlolwa komugqa wokukhiqiza ku-UL 935:
| into efunekayo | Isikhathi sesicelo (imizuzwana) | i-voltage esetshenzisiwe |
| A | 60 | I-1000V + (2 x v) |
| B | 1 | I-1200V + (2.4 x v) |
| V = amandla alinganiselwe alinganiselwe | ||
A: Umthamo we-hipot umhloli ubhekisela ekukhishweni kwawo kwamandla. Umthamo we-NAPTATALT Voltage Tester unqunywa ngokuphuma okuphezulu kwamanje x amandla aphezulu okukhipha. Isib: 5000vxx100mA = 500va
A: Ukukhohlisa kwento yento ehlolwe kuyisizathu esiyinhloko somehluko phakathi kwamanani alinganisiwe we-AC ne-DC ekwazi ukumelana novivinyo lwe-voltage. Lama-capacicitances alahlekile kungenzeka angakhokhiswa ngokuphelele lapho ehlolwa nge-AC, futhi kuzoba nokugeleza okuqhubekayo kwamanje ngalezi zindawo zokudlela. Ngokuhlolwa kwe-DC, lapho i-Disty Capcacicitance ku-DUT ikhokhiswe ngokuphelele, yikuphi okuseleyo ukuvuza kwangempela kwe-DUT. Ngakho-ke, inani lamanje elivuzayo elinganiselwa ku-AC Liptantle Test Voltage Test kanye ne-DC ebambelela Ukuhlolwa kwe-voltage voltage kuzokwehluka.
A: Ama-insulators awashayeli, kodwa empeleni acishe abe khona izinto ezifakiwe azihambelani ngokuphelele. Noma yiziphi izinto ezifakiwe, lapho kufakwa i-voltage kuyo yonke indawo, i-thile yamanje izohlala idlula. Ingxenye esebenzayo yalokhu kwamanje ibizwa ngokuthi ukuvuza kwamanje, futhi le nto ibuye ibizwa ngokuthi ukuvuza kwe-insulator. Ukuhlolwa kwemishini kagesi, ukuvuza kwamanje kubhekiswa kokwakheka kwamanje yindawo ezungezile noma ebunjiwe phakathi kwezingxenye zensimbi ezinomfaki wensimbi, noma phakathi kwezingxenye ezibukhoma lapho kungekho phutha lwe-voltage. Ingabe okuvuza kwamanje. Ngokusho kwe-US LUL ejwayelekile, i-Buvuage yamanje yiyona yamanje engaqhutshwa kusuka ezingxenyeni ezifinyelelekayo zemishini yasendlini, kufaka phakathi imisinga ehlanganisiwe ehlanganisiwe. I-Buvuage yamanje ifaka izingxenye ezimbili, ingxenye eyodwa iyindawo yamanje ye-I1 ngokusebenzisa ukumelana kokufakelwa; Enye ingxenye ukufuduka kwamanje i2 ngokusebenzisa ama-capacitance asatshalaliswa, i-latate capacitive evukile yi-XC = 1 / 2PFC futhi ilingana kakhulu nemvamisa yamandla, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamakhompiyutha okukhuphuka kwamanje ngemvamisa. ukukhuphuka, ngakho-ke ukwanda kwamanje okuvuzayo ngemvamisa yokuhlinzekwa kwamandla. Isibonelo: Usebenzisa i-thyristor yokuhlinzekwa kwamandla, izakhi zayo ze-armonic zikhulisa i-Vuza yamanje.
A: Ukumelana nokuhlola kwe-voltage voltage ukuthola ukugeleza kwamanje okugeleza ngohlelo lokufakwa kwento etholwayo olungaphansi kwento evivinywa, futhi usebenzise i-voltage ephakeme kunohlelo lokusebenza olusebenzayo; Ngenkathi ukuvuza kwamandla kwakhona manje (Oxhumana Namanje) ukuthola i-shop evuza lento evivinywa ngaphansi kokusebenza okujwayelekile. Ukukala okuvuzayo kwento elinganiselwe ngaphansi kwesimo esingesihle kakhulu (i-voltage, imvamisa). Mane nje ubeke, okuvuza kwamanje kwesivivinyo se-handpantle voltage kungukuvuthwa kwamanje okungakalinganiswa ngaphansi kokuhlinzekwa kwamandla okusebenzayo, kanye nokuvuza kwamandla okukhona (okuthintwa kwamandla) kungukuvuza kwamanje ngaphansi kokusebenza okujwayelekile.
A: Kwimikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi yezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene, ukulinganiswa kokuthinta kwamanje futhi kunezidingo ezihlukile, kepha ngokujwayelekile, ukuthinta okwamanje kungahlukaniswa ngaphandle kokuvuza komhlaba okukhona njengamanje, kutholakale indawo yamanje yokuvuza njengamanje. -Ukuvuza komugqa kwamanje kokuthinta indawo yamanje yokuvuza okuvuzayo
A: Izingxenye zensimbi ezifinyelelekayo noma ezifakwayo zemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi yeklasi i-Iquipment Mina kufanele futhi ibe nesifunda esihle njengesilinganiso sokuvikelwa ngokumelene nogesi. Kodwa-ke, sivame ukuhlangana nabasebenzisi abathile abasebenzisa ngokungenisa izinsizakusebenza njengemishini ye-Class II, noma bavule ngokuqondile imishini yokufaka amandla (i-GND) endaweni ethile yokufaka yeklasi, ngakho-ke kukhona izingozi ezithile zokuphepha. Noma kunjalo, kungumsebenzi womenzi wokugwema ingozi kumsebenzisi obangelwa yilesi simo. Yingakho ukufundwa kwamanje kwenziwa.
A: Ngesikhathi sokumelana kwe-AC ekwazi ukumelana, akukho okujwayelekile ngenxa yezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto ezihloliwe, ukuba khona kwama-capacicitances atholakalayo ezintweni ezihloliwe, kanye nama-voltages ahlukile wokuhlola, ngakho-ke akukho okujwayelekile.
A: Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola i-Test Voltage ukusetha ngokuya ngokuchazwa okudingekayo ukuze kuhlolwe. Ngokuvamile, sizosetha i-test voltage ngokuya nge-2 amahlandla asebenza nge-1000v. Isibonelo, uma i-voltage esebenzayo yomkhiqizo ingu-115vac, sisebenzisa 2 x 115 + 1000 = 1230 volt njengovoluka lokuhlola. Vele, ivolumu yokuhlola izophinde ibe nezilungiselelo ezihlukile ngenxa yamamaki ahlukene wezendlalelo ezifaka ukufakwa.
A: Lawa magama amathathu anencazelo efanayo, kepha ajwayele ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana embonini yezivivinyo.
A: Ukuhlolwa kokumelana nokufakelwa nokumelana nokuhlolwa kwe-voltage kufana kakhulu. Faka isicelo se-voltage ye-DC esifinyelela ku-1000V kumaphuzu amabili okufanele ahlolwe. Ukuhlolwa kwe-IR kuvame ukunika inani lokumelana kuma-megohms, hhayi ukumelwa okudlula / ukwehluleka okuvela ekuhlolweni kwe-hipot. Imvamisa, i-Voltage Test ingu-500V DC, kanye nenani lokumelana (iR) akufanele libe ngaphansi kwama-megohms ambalwa. Ukuhlolwa kokumelana nokufakelwa kokuhlolwa okungeyona eyonakalisayo futhi kungathola ukuthi ukufakwa kulungile. Kwezinye imininingwane, ukuhlolwa kokumelana nokufakelwa kwenziwa kuqala bese kuthi ukubekezelela ukuhlolwa kwe-voltage. Lapho ukuhlolwa kokumelana nokufakelwa kwehluleka, ukubekezelela ukuhlolwa kwe-voltage kuvame ukwehluleka.
A: Ukuhlolwa kokuxhumeka komhlaba komhlaba, abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuthi i-Ground Complusiity (Ground Complouty) Test, ilinganisa ukungavikeleki phakathi kwe-DUT rack kanye neposi lomhlabathi. Ukuhlolwa kwebhondi yomhlabathi kunquma ukuthi ngabe umjikelezo wokuvikela ama-DUT angaphatha ngokwanele yini iphutha elikhona uma umkhiqizo wehluleka. Umhloli webhondi omhlaba wonke uzokhiqiza ubukhulu be-30a DC yamanje noma i-AC RMS yamanje (i-CSA idinga isilinganiso se-40a) ngomjikelezo womhlaba ukuthola ukungcola komjikelezo womhlaba, okuvame ukwengeza ngaphansi kwe-0.1 ohms.
A: Ukuhlolwa kwe-IR kungukuhlolwa okufanelekile okunikeza inkomba yekhwalithi ehlobene nohlelo lokufakelwa. Imvamisa ihlolwe nge-VC voltage ye-500V noma i-1000V, futhi umphumela ulinganiswa ngokumelana ne-mehhm. Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa kwe-voltage nakho kusebenza i-voltage ephezulu kudivayisi ngaphansi kovivinyo (DUT), kepha i-voltage esetshenzisiwe iphakeme kunaleso sovivinyo lwe-IR. Kungenziwa nge-AC noma i-DC Voltage. Imiphumela ilinganiswa kuma-milliamps noma ama-microamp. Kwezinye imininingwane, ukuhlolwa kwe-IR kwenziwa kuqala, kulandelwe ukubekezelela ukuhlolwa kwe-voltage. Uma idivaysi engaphansi kokuhlolwa (i-DUT) yehluleka ukuhlolwa kwe-IR, idivaysi evivinywayo (DUT) futhi yehluleka ukuhlolwa kwe-handpantle voltage e-voltage ephakeme.
A: Inhloso yohlolo lokuvinjwa okuyisisekelo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ucingo oluvikelayo lungamelana nokugeleza kwephutha lwamanje ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabasebenzisi lapho kwenzeka isimo esingajwayelekile kumkhiqizo wemishini lapho kwenzeka umkhiqizo ongafanele. I-voltage evamile yokuphepha idinga ukuthi i-voltage ephezulu yesekethe kufanele ingadluli umkhawulo we-12V, okususelwa ekucabangeni kokuphepha komsebenzisi. Lapho ukwehluleka kokuhlolwa kwenzeka, opharetha angancishiswa engcupheni yokushaqeka kukagesi. I-General Light idinga ukuthi ukumelana nokuma komhlaba kufanele kungabi ngaphansi kuka-0.1hm. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa isivivinyo se-AC samanje ngemvamisa ye-50hz noma i-60hz ukuze uhlangane nemvelo yangempela yokusebenza komkhiqizo.
A: Kunokwehluka okuthile phakathi kokumelana ne-voltate voltage test kanye nokuhlolwa kokuvuza kwamandla, kepha ngokuvamile, lo mehluko ungafingqiswa ngokulandelayo. Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa kwe-voltage ukusebenzisa i-voltage ephezulu ukucindezela ukufakwa komkhiqizo ukuthola ukuthi amandla okufaka womkhiqizo anele ukuvikela ukuvuza okwedlulele kokuthola amandla okuvuza ngokweqile. Ukuhlolwa kwamanje okuvuzayo ukukala okuvuza kwamanje okugeleza kumkhiqizo ngaphansi kwezindawo ezijwayelekile nezinephutha elilodwa lokuhlinzekwa kwamandla okusebenza lapho umkhiqizo usetshenziswa.
A: Umehluko ngesikhathi sokukhipha uncike ekukhohlisweni kwento ehlolwe kanye nomjikelezo wokukhipha we-handptantle voltage tester. I-capacitance ephakeme, isikhathi eside lapho kukhishwa isikhathi sokuphuma.
A: I-Class I Excess isho ukuthi izingxenye ezifinyelelekayo zomqhubi zixhunywe kumqhubi ovikelayo; Lapho ukufakwa okuyisisekelo kwehluleka, umqhubi wesifundo ovikelayo kufanele akwazi ukubekezelela iphutha lamanje, okungukuthi, lapho ukufakwa okuyisisekelo kwehluleka, izingxenye ezifinyelelekayo azikwazi ukuba izingxenye zikagesi ezibukhoma. Kalula nje, imishini ene-PIN ethubeni yentambo yamandla yi-Class I Equipment. Izisetshenziswa ze-II II azithembela kuphela ku- "Ukufakwa kwesisekelo" ukuvikela kugesi, kepha futhi kunikeza ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha ezinjengokuthi "ukufakwa okuphindwe kabili" noma "ukuqiniswa okuqinisiwe" noma "ukuqiniswa okuqinisiwe". Azikho izimo eziphathelene nokwethenjwa kwezimo zokuvikela noma zokufaka.
