Izwe lami seliphenduke isisekelo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni sempahla yasendlini kanye nemikhiqizo kagesi nekagesi, nevolumu yayo yokuthumela iyaqhubeka yanda. Ngokubambisana nabathengi ukuphepha komkhiqizo, ngokuhambisana nemithetho nemigomo efanele yomhlaba wonke, abakhiqizi bayaqhubeka nokwenza ngcono amazinga okuphepha komkhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umenzi unaka kakhulu ekuhlolweni okuphephile komkhiqizo ngaphambi kokushiya ifektri. Okwamanje, ukuphepha kwemisebenzi kagesi yomkhiqizo, mhlawumbe ukuphepha ngokumelene nogesi, kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu yokuhlola okwamanje.
Ukuze uqonde umsebenzi wokufakelwa womkhiqizo, ukuhlela umkhiqizo, ukwakheka, kanye nezinto zokwehlukanisa izinto ezinemininingwane ehambelana noma ukucaciswa. Ngokuvamile, abakhiqizi bazosebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene ukubheka noma ukuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, ngemikhiqizo kagesi, kunohlobo lokuhlola okufanele lwenziwe, lokho-ukuthi-dielectric bekataptate test, kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-hipot noma ukuhlolwa kwamandla aphezulu, ukuhlolwa kwamandla kagesi, njll. Umsebenzi wokufaka okujwayelekile Imikhiqizo ilungile noma imbi; Ingabonakala ngokuhlolwa kwamandla kagesi.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokumelana nabahloli bamagesi emakethe kulezi zinsuku. Ngokuqondene nabakhiqizi abathintekayo, ukuthi ungasindisa kanjani imali eyimali kanye nezidingo zabo zokuthenga abahloli bamandlandla asebenzisekayo sekubaluleke kakhulu.
1. Uhlobo lokumelana nokuhlolwa kwe-voltage (ukuxhumana noma i-DC)
Umugqa wokukhiqiza ubekezelela ukuhlolwa kwe-voltage, okubizwa ngokuthi yindlela ejwayelekile (ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile), ngokuya ngemikhiqizo ehlukene, kukhona ukuxhumana okuhambisana nokuhlolwa kwe-voltage kanye ne-DC ekwazi ukumelana novivinyo lwe-voltage. Ngokusobala, ukuxhumana kwezokuxhumana kuhambisana nokuhlolwa kwe-voltage kumele kubhekwe ukuthi imvamisa yokumelana ne-handpantle voltage test iyahambisana nemvamisa esebenzayo yento ehloliwe; Ngakho-ke, amandla okukhetha kalula uhlobo lohlobo lokuhlola kanye nokukhethwa okuguqukayo kwemvamisa yezokuxhumana ye-voltage imvamisa eyisisekelo yemisebenzi ebalulekile yesandla se-handpantle voltage tester. .
2. Isilinganiso seVoltage Voltage
Ngokuvamile, isilinganiso sokukhipha somoya wokuhlola wezokuxhumana simelana nomhloli we-voltage umhloli we-3KV, 5kv, 10kv, 20kv, futhi aphakeme kakhulu, futhi aphunye ama-volt, kanye ne-20kva ye-DC emelana ne-volstage umhloli yi-5kv, 6kv noma ephakeme kune-12kv. Ngabe umsebenzisi ukhetha kanjani isilinganiso esifanele se-voltage ukuthola isicelo sakhe? Ngokwezigaba zomkhiqizo ezahlukene, ivolumu yokuhlola yomkhiqizo inemigomo ehambisanayo yokuphepha. Isibonelo, ku-IEC60335-1: 2001 (GB4706.1), ukubekezelela ukuhlolwa kwe-voltage endaweni yokushisa inenani lokuhlola le-Intrate ye-HandTantge. Ku-IEC60950-1: 2001 (GB4943), ivolumu yokuhlola yezinhlobo ezahlukene zokufakelwa futhi zikhonjwe.
Ngokusho kohlobo lomkhiqizo kanye nokucaciswa okuhambisanayo, i-test voltage nayo ihlukile. Ngokuqondene nokukhethwa komkhiqizi okujwayelekile kwe-5kV kanye ne-DC 6KV ebekezelela abahloli bamagesi, kungahlangabezana nezidingo ezithile, kodwa mayelana nezinhlangano ezithile ezikhethekile zokuhlola noma abakhiqizi ukuze baphendule imininingwane ehlukile yomkhiqizo, kungahle kukhethe imikhiqizo esebenzisa i-10KV ne-20KV Ukuxhumana noma i-DC. Ngakho-ke, ukukwazi ukulawula ngokunqumela ukulawula i-voltage voltage futhi kuyimfuneko eyisisekelo yesidingo se-handptant Voltage Tester.
3. Imibuzo Isikhathi
Ngokusho kwemininingwane yomkhiqizo, i-Generalpent I-Generaltant Vertage Test idinga imizuzwana engama-60 ngaleso sikhathi. Lokhu kumele kusetshenziswe ngokuphelele ezinhlanganweni zokuhlola ukuphepha nama-laboratories efekthri. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa okunjalo cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe emgqeni wokukhiqiza ngaleso sikhathi. Ukugxila okuyinhloko kusesivinini sokukhiqiza nokusebenza kokukhiqiza, ngakho-ke izivivinyo zesikhathi eside azikwazi ukwanelisa izidingo ezisebenzayo. Ngenhlanhla, izinhlangano eziningi manje zivumela ukukhetha ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuhlola futhi kwandise amandla okuhlola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminye imithetho emisha yokuphepha nayo isho ngokucacile isikhathi sokuhlola. Isibonelo, ku-appendix a of IEC60335-1, IEC60950-1 nezinye izinto ezicacisiwe, kuthiwa ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile (ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile) Isikhathi se-1SEC. Ngakho-ke, ukusethwa kwesikhathi sokuhlola nakho kungumsebenzi odingekayo womhloli we-voltate voltage.
Okwesine, i-voltage kancane isebenza kancane
Imithetho eminingi yezokuphepha, efana ne-IEC60950-1, chaza izici zokuphuma kwamandla kagesi alandelayo: "I-Voltage Test esetshenziselwa ukufakwa ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kufanele inyuswe kancane kancane kusuka kunani le-voltage elijwayelekile ..."; I-IEC60335-1 Incazelo ku: "Ekuqaleni kokuhlolwa, i-voltage esetshenzisiwe ayizange idlule isigamu senani elijwayelekile le-voltage, bese kancane kancane lenyuke libe yinani eliphelele." Eminye imithethonqubo yokuphepha nayo inezidingo ezifanayo, okungukuthi, i-voltage ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kungazelelwe entweni elinganisiwe, futhi kufanele kube nenqubo yokuphakama kancane. Yize ukucaciswa kungakuchazi izidingo zesikhathi ezinemininingwane yalokhu kuphakama kancane ngokuningiliziwe, inhloso yawo ukuvikela izinguquko ezingazelelwe. Amandla aphezulu angalimaza umsebenzi wokufakelwa kwento elinganisiwe.
Siyazi ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-NONTATESTAGE Voltage akufanele kube yisilingo esibhubhisayo, kepha izindlela zokuhlola iziphambeko zomkhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, umhloli wokumelana nogesi kufanele abe nomsebenzi wokuphakama kancane. Vele, uma ukuhlukunyezwa kutholakala ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphakama kancane, ithuluzi kufanele likwazi ukumisa ngokushesha okuphumayo, ukuze inhlanganisela yokuhlola yenze umsebenzi ucace kakhudlwana.
Ezinhlanu, ukukhethwa kwesivivinyo samanje
Kulezi zimfuneko ezingenhla, singakuthola lokho, eqinisweni, izidingo zemithetho yezokuphepha maqondana nomhloli we-NONTATRAGE VOLTAGE ngokuyisisekelo anikeza izidingo ezicacile. Kodwa-ke, okunye ukucatshangelwa ekukhetheni umhloli we-handpantle voltage isikali sokuvuza isilinganiso samanje. Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, kuyadingeka ukusetha i-voltage yokuhlola, isikhathi sokuhlola kanye nokunqunywa kwamanje (umkhawulo ophezulu wokuvuza kwamanje). Ama-Hlela ama-Voltage Teats akhona njengamanje emakethe athatha ukuxhumana kwamanje njengesibonelo. Ukuvuza okuphezulu kwamanje okungalinganiswa kucishe kube yi-3MA kuya ku-100A. Vele, ukukhuphuka kwesilinganiso sokuvuza kwamanje, inani lentengo. Vele, lapha sibheka okwesikhashana ukunemba okulinganiswa kwamanje nokuxazululwa kwezinga elifanayo! Ngakho-ke, kanjani ukukhetha ithuluzi elikufanele? Lapha, sibuye sibheke ezinye izimpendulo ezivela ekucacisweni.
Ukusuka ekucacisweni okulandelayo, singabona ukuthi ukumelana nokumelana kwamandla kagesi kunqunywa imininingwane:
Ukucaciswa kwesihloko senkulumo ngokucaciswa ukunquma ukuvela kokuqhekeka
I-IEC60065: 2001 (GB8898))
"Izidingo zokuphepha zemishini ye-audio, video kanye nemishini efanayo kagesi" 10.3.2 ...... Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamandla kagesi, uma kungekho flourleover noma ukuwohloka, imishini ithathwa njengokuhlangabezana nezidingo.
I-IEC60335-1: 2001 (GB4706.1)
"Ukuphepha Kwezindlu Zasekhaya Nezinto Ezifanayo Zogesi Ingxenye 1: Izidingo ezijwayelekile" 13.3 Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, akufanele kube nokuqhekeka.
IEC60950-1: 2001 (GB4943)
"Ukuphepha Kwemishini Yezobuchwepheshe Yolwazi" 5.2.1 Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ukufakwa akufanele kwenziwe phansi.
IEC60598-1: 1999 (GB7000.1)
"Izidingo zokuphepha ezijwayelekile kanye nezivivinyo zamalambu namaLanternsts" 10.2.2 ... Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, akukho flowlover noma ukwephulwa okuzokwenzeka.
Ithebula i
Kungabonakala kusuka etafuleni 1 eqinisweni, kulezi zinto ezicacisiwe, ayikho idatha ecacile ecacile yokunquma ukuthi ukufakwa kungavumelekile yini. Ngamanye amagama, akukutsheli ukuthi mingaki imikhiqizo yamanje eqeqeshiwe noma engafanele. Vele, kunemithetho efanelekile ephathelene nomkhawulo omkhulu wezidingo zamanje zamandla nezamandla zokumelana nomhloli we-voltate voltage ekucacisweni; Umkhawulo omkhulu wokunqunywa kwamanje ukwenza umvikeli ogcwele ngokweqile (ekunakekelweni kwe-Voltage Tester) ukukhombisa ukwehla kokubhidlizwa okwenzeka manje, nangokwaziwa njengohambo lwamanje. Ukuchazwa kwalo mkhawulo ezintweni ezicacisiwe okuhlukile kukhonjiswa kuThebula 2.
Ukucaciswa kwesihloko okuphezulu kulinganiswe njengamanje (uhambo lwamanje) lwe-short-circuit yamanje
I-IEC60065: 2001 (GB8898))
"Izidingo zokuphepha zemishini ye-audio, video kanye ne-elekthronikhi efanayo" 10.3.2 ...... Lapho umphumela wamanje ungaphansi kwe-100MA, idivaysi engaphezulu komhlaba akufanele inqanyulwe. I-Test Voltage kufanele ihlinzekwe ngokuhlinzekwa kwamandla. Ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla kufanele kuhlelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lapho i-test voltage ilungiselelwe ezingeni elihambisanayo futhi i-terminal yokuphuma ilukwenziwe isikhashana, okuphumayo kufanele okungenani kube yi-200ma.
I-IEC60335-1: 2001 (GB4706.1)
"Ukuphepha Kwezindlu Zasekhaya Nezinto Ezifanayo Zogesi Ingxenye 1: Izidingo Ezijwayelekile" 13.3: Uhambo lwe-Trip I-IR ye-IR Short-Parkharcuit yamanje
<4000 IR = 100MA 200MA
≧ 4000 ne- <10000 IR = 40MA 80MA
≧ 10000 no ≦ 20000 IR = 20MA 40MA
IEC60950-1: 2001 (GB4943)
"Ukuphepha kwemishini yezobuchwepheshe yolwazi" akuchazwanga kahle
IEC60598-1: 1999 (GB7000.1-2002)
"Izidingo zokuphepha ezijwayelekile kanye nokuhlolwa kwamalambu kanye nezibani" 10.2.2 ...... Lapho imiphumela yamanje ingaphansi kwe-100MA, okudluliselwe ngokweqile akufanele kunqanyulwe. Okokuguqula i-voltage transformer esetshenziswa ekuhlolweni, lapho okukhishwa kuzo kushintshwa ku-voltage ehambisanayo yokuhlola futhi okuphumayo kuzungezwe amafushane, okukhishwa okukhona okungenani kwe-200ma
Ithebula II
Ungayibeka Kanjani Inani Elifanele Lokuvuza Kwamanje
Ukusuka kwimithetho yezokuphepha engenhla, abakhiqizi abaningi bazoba nemibuzo. Kufanele kukhethwe malini i-Teambiage yamanje elungiselelwe? Esekuqaleni, sasho ngokusobala ukuthi amandla okumelana ne-volstage umhloli kufanele abe ngu-500VA. Uma i-test voltage iyi-5kv, khona-ke okukhona okuvuzayo kufanele kube yi-100MA. Manje kubonakala sengathi izidingo zamandla we-800va ziye ku-1000va zidingeka kakhulu. Kepha ingabe umenzi wesicelo ojwayelekile onalesi sidingo? Njengoba sazi ukuthi kukhudlwana umthamo, ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zemishini ezitshaliwe, futhi kuyingozi kakhulu ku-opharetha. Ukukhethwa kwensimbi kufanele ubheke ngokugcwele ubudlelwano obufanayo phakathi kwezidingo ezicacisiwe kanye nobubanzi bezinto ezisetshenziswayo.
Eqinisweni, ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlolwa komugqa wokukhiqiza wabakhiqizi abaningi, umkhawulo ophezulu wokuvuza okuvame ukusetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile okuningana okuningana: njenge-5ma, 8mA, 10mA, 20MA, 30MA kuya ku-100mma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuhlangenwe nakho kusitshela ukuthi amanani angokoqobo alinganiswe kanye nezidingo zale mikhawulo empeleni zikude nomunye. Kodwa-ke, kunconywa ukuthi lapho ukhetha umhloli ofanelekayo we-voltage, kungcono ukuqinisekisa ngemininingwane yomkhiqizo.
Khetha kahle ukumelana nemishini yokuhlola kagesi
Ngokuvamile, lapho ukhetha umhloli we-handpantle voltage, kungahle kube nephutha lokwazi nokuqonda imithetho yezokuphepha. Ngokusho kwemithetho yezokuphepha ngokuphepha, uhambo lwamanje luyi-100mA, kanye nezidingo zamanje zesizungu esifushane ukuze zifinyelele ku-200ma. Uma kuchazwa ngokuqondile njenge-lo-ebizwa ngokuthi yi-200ma imelana ne-voltage tester kuyiphutha elikhulu. Njengoba sazi, lapho imiphumela imelana ne-voltage ingu-5kv; Uma umphumela wamanje uyi-100mA, umhloli we-volatate Voltage unesilinganiso sokuphuma se-500va (5kv x 100ma). Lapho okukhishwayo kwamanje kungu-200ma, kudinga ukuphinda kabili umthamo wokuphuma ku-1000va. Ukuchazwa okuyiphutha okunjalo kuzoholela emthwalweni wezindleko ekuthengweni kwemishini. Uma isabelomali sinqunyelwe; Ekuqaleni ukwazi ukuthenga amathuluzi amabili, ngenxa yephutha lencazelo, munye kuphela ongathengwa. Ngakho-ke, kusukela ekucacisweni okungenhla, kungatholakala ukuthi umenzi empeleni ukhetha umhloli we-handpantle voltage. Ukuthi ukhetha ithuluzi elikhulu elibanzi nelibanzi elibanzi lincike kwizici zomkhiqizo kanye nezidingo zokucaciswa. Uma ukhetha ithuluzi elibanzi nemishini, kuzoba imfucuza enkulu kakhulu, umgomo oyisisekelo ukuthi uma kwanele, kungokomnotho kakhulu.
Ekuphetheni
Vele, ngenxa yesimo sokuhlola umugqa wokukhiqiza, imiphumela yokuhlola yathintwa kakhulu yizinto ezifana nezici ezenziwe ngabantu nezemvelo, ezizothinta ngqo imiphumela yokuhlolwa, futhi lezi zinto zinomthelela oqondile ezilinganisweni ezicijile ze Umkhiqizo. Khetha umhloli omuhle we-voltage, uqonde amaphuzu asemqoka angenhla, futhi uthembe ukuthi uzokwazi ukukhetha umhloli we-volatate Voltage ofanele imikhiqizo yenkampani yakho. Ngokuqondene nokuthi ungakuvimbela kanjani futhi wehlise ukwahlulela okungafanele, kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlolwa kwengcindezi.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-06-2021
